1例结核性脑膜炎患者的药学监护
2017-10-25徐瑜萍朱剑萍
徐瑜萍 朱剑萍


[摘要] 探讨1例结核性脑膜炎患者抗结核治疗过程中出现药物性肝损伤和过敏反应的病例,分析抗结核药物的选择及应用。临床药师参与该患者的诊治过程,协助临床医生共同制定抗结核治疗方案,并从不良反应、疗效评估、用药教育等方面作为切入点为患者实施全程化药学监护。临床药师通过参与临床实践,利用自身专业优势为患者提供个体化的药学监护,提高了患者治疗过程的安全性和有效性。
[关键词] 结核性脑膜炎;不良反应;药学监护;临床药师
[中图分类号] R529.3 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)23-0088-04
[Abstract] The article discussed a case of tuberculous meningitis patient appeared drug-induced liver injury and allergic reaction in the process of anti-tuberculozed treatment, analyzed the selection and application of anti-TB drugs. Clinical pharmacists join in the diagnosis and treatment, assist doctors to formulate a anti-TB treatment scheme, and carry out pharmaceutical care from the adverse reactions, efficacy evaluation, medication education and other aspects as a starting point. Clinical pharmacists participate in the clinical practice, use their professional advantage to provide individualized pharmaceutical care for patient, can improve the effectiveness and safety of treatment process.
[Key words] Tuberculous meningitis; Adverse reactions; Pharmaceutical care; Clinical pharmacist
结核性脑膜炎是结核分枝杆菌引起的以脑膜受累为主的特异性炎症,其致死率、致残率高,是严重的肺外结核病。结核性脑膜炎病情凶险,联合用药多、治疗疗程长、易复发或耐药。抗结核治疗过程中可能会出现各种不同程度的药物不良反应,如药物性肝损伤、过敏反应等[1-3]。本文临床药师参与1例结核性脑膜炎患者的诊治过程,对该患者实施全程个体化药学监护,现将临床实践总结报道如下。
1 临床资料
患者,女,48岁,因“头痛7 d,发热伴呕吐5 d”入院。患者7 d前无明显诱因下出现头部顶枕颞部持续性胀痛,无发热畏寒,无意识障碍,无恶心呕吐,无肢体活动不利。5 d前自觉发热,且出现呕吐,呕吐物为胃内容物,非喷射性。2 d前至当地医院就诊,查体温最高为38.5℃,血常规提示CBC 5.03×109/L,CRP 4.57 mg/L,PCT 0.033 ng/mL。行腰穿检查,提示脑脊液压力340 cmH2O,脑脊液生化:葡萄糖1.53 mmol/L,微量蛋白321 mg/dL,氯化物121.6 mmol/L,脑脊液常规:白细胞计数220/μL,中性82%,颅脑CT未见明显异常。……
