尚敬， 南永辉， 刘丽， 年晓红

(1.中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司，湖南 株洲 412001；2.中南大学 信息科学与工程学院，湖南 长沙 410083)

内联观测电励磁同步电机功率因数控制

尚敬1， 南永辉1， 刘丽1， 年晓红2

(1.中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司，湖南 株洲 412001；2.中南大学 信息科学与工程学院，湖南 长沙 410083)

为解决电励磁同步电机(EESM)的无编码器运行和功率因数控制问题，提出一种基于内联观测器的转子磁场定向矢量控制方法。建立了EESM的扩展数学模型；根据模型设计自适应内联观测器，该观测器可观测EESM的位置、速度以及q轴电感等信息；推导了EESM转子磁场定向下的功率因数矢量控制方法，通过对d轴电流、q轴电流和励磁电流的分配从而实现对功率因数的控制。对所提出的内联观测器和功率因数控制方法进行了仿真和试验，结果表明所提方法不仅能够在电动和发电状态下实现宽转速范围内的稳定运行，而且能够柔性调节电机的功率因数，满足不同运行工况的需求。

内联观测器；电励磁同步电机；无编码器控制；功率因数；转子磁场定向

Abstract:In order to solve the problem of sensorless control and power factor control of electrically excited synchronous motor(EESM), a rotor flux oriented vector control method based on interconnected observer is proposed. An expansion model of EESM was established and an adaptive interconnected observer was designed. The designed interconnected observer can observe position, speed and q-axis inductor of the EESM. The power factor control method of EESM based rotor field orientation was derived. The power factor was controlled by the distribution of d axis current, q axis current and excitation current. Simulation and experiment of the proposed interconnected observer and power factor control method were presented. The results show that the scheme can work stably in electric state and power generation state in the wide speed range and the scheme can flexibly adjust the power factor of the motor to meet the needs of different operating conditions.

Keywords:interconnected observer; electrically excited synchronous motor; sensorless control; power factor; rotor field orientation

0 引 言

电励磁同步电机(electrically excited synchronous motors,EESM)具有调速范围宽、过载能力强、功率因数可调等优点，可应用于风力发电、矿井提升机、大型压缩机驱动、大型风机调速、轧机主传动等大功率传动领域[1-2]。EESM一般采用矢量控制或者直接转矩控制，这两种控制都需要电机的位置信息，传统通过编码器采集位置信息的方法存在着编码器安装困难、系统成本增加、信号易受环境干扰等缺点[3]。……