耿显胜，张 威，仲建平，张守科，舒金平

(1.中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所，浙江 杭州 311400；2.浙江省德清县林业技术推广站，浙江 德清 313200)

早竹丛枝病的调查及病原菌的分子鉴定

耿显胜1，张 威1，仲建平2，张守科1，舒金平1

(1.中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所，浙江 杭州 311400；2.浙江省德清县林业技术推广站，浙江 德清 313200)

目的对早竹丛枝病进行调查及病原菌分子鉴定，为早竹丛枝病的病害诊断和防治提供科学依据。方法采用单株水平和单枝盘水平的2种病害分级标准对早竹丛枝病进行调查。使用植原体16S rDNA和真菌rDNA-ITS序列的特异性PCR引物，对早竹丛枝病的病原菌进行分子鉴定。结果调查的6块样地早竹丛枝病的平均发病率为18.59%，平均病情指数为6.67。感病的早竹DNA样品能够扩增出真菌的rDNA-ITS序列，而不能够扩增出植原体的16S rDNA序列；扩增出的序列与报道的竹针孢座囊菌的序列同源性达到99.00%，与其它真菌的序列同源性最高仅为94.00%。结论浙江省德清县早竹丛枝病的病原菌为竹针孢座囊菌。

早竹；竹子丛枝病；竹针孢座囊菌；分子鉴定；病情指数

Abstract:[Objective]In this study, the witches’ broom disease ofPhyllostachyspraecoxwas assessed, and the pathogen of the disease was identified through molecular biology techniques. [Method]The disease severity was assessed by grading witches’ broom disease at individual level and branch level. The pathogen of witches’ broom disease ofPh.praecoxwas identified by specific PCR primers of phytoplasmal 16S rDNA and fungal rDNA-ITS sequences. [Result]Disease assessment data showed that the average incidence of the 6 plots was 18.59%, and the average disease index was 6.67. PCR results indicated that all the samples infected were able to amplify rDNA-ITS sequence of fungus, and could not amplify 16S rDNA of phytoplasma. Comparative BLAST analysis determined that the amplicons shared 99.00% similarity with sequences fromAciculosporiumtake, and the highest similarity with other fungi was only 94.00%. [Conclusion]A.takewas the causal agent of witches’ broom disease ofPh.praecoxof Deqing County, Zhejiang Province.

Keywords:Phyllostachyspraecox; bamboo witches’ broom;Aciculosporiumtake; molecular identification; disease index

早竹(PhyllostachyspraecoxC. D. Chu et C. S. Chao)笋期早、产量高、笋味美、营养价值高，是我国南方的重要笋用竹种[1-2]。据统计，我国南方早竹的种植面积在6.7万hm2以上，年产值达10亿多元[3]；浙江省是早竹的主要种植区，仅德清县种植的早竹就有0.7万hm2，年产值近亿元。早竹在浙江省林业经济发展中发挥着重要作用，种植早竹已经成为林农增收致富的重要手段。然而，早竹却是丛枝病的易感竹种，绝大多数早竹林地都有丛枝病发生，发病严重林地的发病率高达52.2%[4-5]。……