赵武云，戴飞*，张锋伟，王广万

（1. 甘肃农业大学机电工程学院，甘肃 兰州 730070；2. 酒泉奥凯种子机械有限公司，甘肃 酒泉 735000）

5TYJ-10A玉米种子脱粒机作业性能试验

赵武云1，戴飞1*，张锋伟1，王广万2

（1. 甘肃农业大学机电工程学院，甘肃 兰州 730070；2. 酒泉奥凯种子机械有限公司，甘肃 酒泉 735000）

为进一步探明脱粒装置结构参数对玉米种子果穗脱粒生产作业的影响，依托自行研制的5TYJ-10A玉米种子脱粒机，通过置换分别携有钉齿类、直板齿类、组合螺旋板齿类3类脱粒元件的脱粒装置，分析玉米种子脱粒装置工作性能，建立组合螺旋脱粒板齿几何参数相关数学模型，分析获得组合式螺旋板齿脱粒装置相关脱粒板齿半径、中心脱粒间距及板齿高度的设计参数。试验结果表明，选取出作业性能良好的组合螺旋板齿式脱粒装置，其脱净率为99.16%、含杂率为3.26%、破碎率为0.43%，对应实际生产率为11.6 t/h。采用脱粒板齿试验装置进行不同脱粒板齿螺旋角试验选取，结果表明，当组合螺旋板齿角为6°-12°时更适宜进行玉米种子脱粒作业。研究成果将为玉米种子脱粒生产装备的研发提供参考与借鉴。

玉米种子；变径变间距；脱粒装置；脱粒元件；作业性能

Abstract：In order to prove the structure parameters of threshing device which influence on corn seed ear threshing production, by relying on the type of 5TYJ-10A corn seed thresher, through replacement of 3 different threshing units(spike-tooth and straight tooth and combined spiral bar tooth) to carry out the operating performance contrast test of these threshing device. Geometric parameter mathematical model with combined spiral bar tooth was established,which analyzed to obtain the relevant design parameters of the threshing units tooth radius and the center threshing distance and the threshing units tooth height. The experimental results showed that it must be chose the best operating performance of combined spiral bar tooth, the threshing rate was 99.16%, the impurity rate was 3.26%, the broken rate was 0.43% and the actual productivity was 11.6 t/h. Select test was completed with the threshing units tooth in different spiral angle, the experimental results showed that when the combined spiral tooth angle was selected in 6°-12° which more suitable for corn seed threshing operations. The results would provide reference for corn seed threshing production equipment research and development.

Key words：corn seed; varied-diameter and varied-spacing; threshing device; threshing components; performance

甘肃西部是中国重要的玉米种子育种基地之一，实现其玉米种子果穗机械化脱 粒 生 产 是 必 然 趋 势[1-2]。玉米种子果穗及其籽粒均小于商品玉米，其形状与穗轴的排列具有不规则性，籽粒与玉米芯结合力大，果穗各部位籽粒与玉米芯联接强度差别较多，不易脱粒。……