袁余，李鹏程，李铭，苏学德，吴奇峰

（1. 新疆农垦科学院林园研究所，新疆 石河子 832000；2. 新疆农垦科学院产业处，新疆 石河子 832000）

双层膜日光温室设计及其热性能测试分析

袁余1，李鹏程1，李铭1，苏学德1，吴奇峰2*

（1. 新疆农垦科学院林园研究所，新疆 石河子 832000；2. 新疆农垦科学院产业处，新疆 石河子 832000）

为了提高日光温室的保温性能，设计建造了一种适用于北方冬季生产的现代双层膜日光温室，其特点是有内外两层支撑骨架和覆盖系统，测试了该温室在冬季无保温被覆盖、通风口关闭条件下室内温度变化情况，并与普通单层膜日光温室进行了对比分析。试验结果表明，双层膜日光温室内空气平均温度、土壤平均温度、最低气温和最低土壤温度的最低值较单层膜日光温室分别提高了2.1 ℃、1.7 ℃、3.7 ℃和1.8 ℃，较室外分别提高了12.4 ℃、0.9 ℃、18.5 ℃和0.9 ℃。在雪天、晴天、阴天和雾霾天等典型天气，双层膜日光温室较单层膜日光温室白天和夜间平均气温分别提高了0.4 ℃和1.4 ℃，较室外白天和夜间平均气温提高了3.0 ℃和9.7 ℃。研究表明，与单层膜日光温室相比，双层膜日光温室的空气温度、土壤温度有明显提高，室内温度较稳定。该研究为双层膜日光温室建造提供了参考。

日光温室；双层膜；设计；气温；土壤温度

Abstract：This paper designed and constructed double-plastic of solar-greenhouse adjusted to winter production in northern China, in order to increase the insulation performance of solar-greenhouse. The double-plastic of solargreenhouse had inside-outside support frame and two cover system. It experiments and tests temperature changing in the double-plastic of solar-greenhouse compared to the normal single-plastic of solar-greenhouse, with the condition of insulated quilt has rolled up and the vents are closed. The experimental results show that the lowest of air average temperature, the lowest of soil average temperature, the minimum air temperature and the minimum soil temperature of the double-plastic of solar-greenhouse, had increased 2.1 ℃, 1.7 ℃, 3.7 ℃ and 1.8 ℃ compared with the normal single-plastic of solar-greenhouse, and increased 12.4 ℃, 0.9 ℃, 18.5 ℃ and 0.9 ℃ compared with outdoor. The diurnal and nocturnal air average temperature of the double-plastic of solar-greenhouse on snowy, sunny, cloudy and hazy days, had increased 0.4 ℃ and 1.4 ℃ compared with the normal single-plastic of solar-greenhouse, and increased 3.0 ℃ and 9.7 ℃ compared with outdoor. The result indicates air temperature and soil temperature in the double-plastic of solar-greenhouse improved obviously and relatively stable. It is expected that experiment results and analysis will support the improvement of the double-plastic of solar-greenhouse construct management.

Key words：solar-greenhouse; double-plastic; design; air temperature; soil temperature

日光温室是一种带有中国特色的温室形式，与其他温室类型相比，它具有低成本的良好越冬生产性能，在中国北方地区得到了大面积的推广[1-2]。截止2015年底，我国日光温室总面积已超过69万hm2，占我国所有温室总面积的32.7%，其中80%以上的日光温室分布在北方地区[3]，用以冬季生产。……