王伟峰+侯媛彬+邓军+马砺+金永飞

摘 要： 针对矿井采空区煤自燃在线监测的技术难题，提出了密闭采空区气体?温度?压差无线传感器的设计方案。基于低功耗按需轻量动态多径路由协议，设计出集温/湿度，CO，O2，CH4，压差传感器于一体的密闭采空区气体?温度?压差无线传感器；结合采空区遗煤分布规律，确定了大面积密闭采空区高密度网络化测点布置方法，形成了具有可剪裁性、冗余性、鲁棒性等特点的气体?温度?压差无线传感器网络，解决了单点监测范围小、指标单一、特征信息异常反映滞后等问题。试验结果表明，无线传感器性能稳定良好，实现了对采空区气体?温度?压差的动态监测，保障了矿井的安全生产。

关键词： 密闭采空区； 煤自燃； 气体?温度?压差； 无线传感器

中图分类号： TN915?34 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1004?373X（2017）18?0117?03

Design and application of wireless sensor for gas?temperature?pressure

difference in mine goaf

WANG Weifeng1， HOU Yuanbin2， DENG Jun1， MA Li1， JIN Yongfei1

（1. College of Safety Science and Engineering， Xian University of Science & Technology， Xian 710054， China；

2. College of Electrical and Control Engineering， Xian University of Science & Technology， Xian 710054， China）

Abstract： Aiming at the technical problems of the online monitoring for coal spontaneous combustion in mine goaf， a design scheme of wireless sensor for gas?temperature?pressure difference in airtight goaf is put forward. On the basis of low?power consumption on?demand lightweight dynamic multipath routing protocol， a wireless sensor for gas?temperature?pressure difference in mine goaf was designed， which is integrated with the sensors of temperature?humiture， carbon monoxide， oxygen， methane， differential pressure together. According to the distribution law of residual coal in goaf， the layout method of high?density networked measurement points in large airtight goaf was determined， the gas?temperature?pressure difference wireless sensor network with the characteristics of tailorability， redundancy and robustness was generated， and the problems of narrow single?point monitoring range， onefold index and lagging feature information abnormal reflection were solved. The test results show that the wireless sensor has stable performance， can realize the dynamic monitoring of gas， temperature and pressure difference in goaf， and guarantee the safe production of the mine.

Keywords： airtight goaf； coal spontaneous combustion； gas?temperature?pressure difference； wireless sensor

煤火灾害遍布世界各地，造成巨大的煤炭资源损失和环境污染，严重威胁着自然环境和人类健康，已成为全球性灾难[1?2]。随着矿井综放技术的推广应用，采空区留有大量遗煤，采空区范围越来越大，漏风通道多[3?5]，受采掘活动、大气压变化的影响，呈动态变化特征，易出现“呼吸”现象引起煤自然发火。目前，我国煤矿安全监测技术有很大的提高，但在煤火灾害感知方面，监测系统信息处理水平不高，有限的数据资源“挖掘”分析程度不够，自燃危险程度判别和防控决策的信息量不足，不能及时发现煤自燃早期隐患。单一类煤自燃特征信息量无法及时、准确地反映煤自燃情况，仅仅利用一种监测方法很难满足煤自燃监测的需要，因此有必要研究几种方法协同应用的煤自燃监测方法和技术[6]。……