帕金森病18F—FDG PET成像研究进展
2017-09-20陈志琳汪锡金
陈志琳+汪锡金
[摘要] 帕金森病是一种常见的神经系统变性疾病,早期诊断和鉴别诊断历来是神经科临床工作的难点之一,随着功能影像学的发展,18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)正电子发射断层扫描成像(PET)成为帕金森病临床诊疗中的重要工具。本文回顾了目前18F-FDG PET成像常用数据分析方法及帕金森病临床症状和脑代谢之间的研究结果,并对18F-FDG PET成像在帕金森病的鉴别诊断、早期诊断和疗效评估以及未来发展方向进行综述。
[关键词] 帕金森病;18F-FDG PET;脑代谢网络模式;认知功能损害;快速眼动睡眠行为障碍
[中图分类号] R742.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2017)08(c)-0042-04
[Abstract] Parkinson's disease is a common neurological degenerative disease, early diagnosis and differential diagnosis are the most difficult points toneurologist. With the development of functional imaging, 18F labelled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has become an important tool for Parkinson's disease. This artical first review the current analytic approaches to 18F-FDG PET imaging data and then discuss how 18F-FDG PET studies have advanced understanding of the relation between the clinical symptoms and brain metabolism of Parkinson's disease. In addition,the value of 18F-FDG PET imaging in differential diagnosis, early diagnosis,the evaluation of treatment effects and the future development direction are also reviewed.
[Key words] Parkinson's disease; 18F-FDG PET; Metabolic pattern; Cognitive impairment; Idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorders
帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)是一种常见的神经系统变性疾病,主要以运动迟缓、肌强直、静止性震颤等运动症状为主,可伴有非运动症状如认知功能障碍、情绪问题、睡眠障碍、嗅觉减退等。目前对PD的诊断主要是基于对临床症状和体征的判断,即有帕金森征且对左旋多巴制剂反应良好就可诊断为PD[1]。然而,帕金森征是一组临床症候群,也是其他神经系统变性疾病如多系统萎缩(multiple system atrophy,MSA)、进行性核上性麻痹(progressive supranuclearpalay,PSP)、皮质基底节变性(cortipcobasal degeneration,CBD)的早期临床症状。在疾病的早期阶段对这些疾病进行鉴别诊断是非常困难的,研究表明临床早期诊断PD的准确率只有53%[2],因此寻找灵敏而易于客观测量的生物学标志物用于早期诊断、鉴别诊断和疗效评估是当前PD临床和研究领域的主要挑战之一。PET脑功能显像因可以满足上述要求而成为目前最有前景的研究领域之一。特……
