生理盐水与肝素钠用于中心静脉置管封管效果的Meta分析
2017-09-20刘园园张凤娇尹崇高
刘园园++张凤娇+尹崇高



[摘要]目的 比较中心静脉置管中肝素钠封管与生理盐水封管两者的效果,为临床护理工作提供相应的科学依据。方法 以“中心静脉置管”“肝素钠”与“生理盐水”等为关键词,对CNKI、CBM、万方、维普、Pubmed等数据库进行检索,并辅以手工检索和文献追溯等方法获取1997年1月~2017年4月的所有相关文献,而后使用RevMan 5.1软件对相关文献进行Meta分析。结果 最终纳入13篇文献总计3238例患者进行研究,试验组即生理盐水组1592例,对照组即肝素钠组1646例。Meta分析结果显示,生理盐水组中静脉炎发生率低于肝素组[OR=1.54,95%CI(1.02,2.30),P=0.04],出血发生率低于肝素钠组[OR=3.79,95%CI(1.48,9.69),P=0.005],堵管发生率较肝素组无差异[OR=1.37,95%CI(1.01,1.87),P=0.05]。本文漏斗散点图左右大体对称,提示纳入的文献不存在偏倚。结论 根据目前研究可知,使用生理盐水封管,可以有效减少静脉炎的发生,同时不增加出血危险的情况。
[关键词]中心静脉置管;肝素钠;生理盐水;Meta分析
[中图分类号] R472 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2017)08(b)-0004-04
Efficacy of normal saline and heparin sodium on central venous indwelling catheter tube-sealing:a Meta-analysis
LIU Yuan-yuan ZHANG Feng-jiao YIN Chong-gao▲
School of Nursing,Weifang Medical university in Shandong Province,Weifang 261053,China
[Abstract]Objective To analyze the efficacy of normal saline and heparin sodium on sealing of central venous indwelling catheter and offer some helps about the use of central venous indwelling catheter.Methods A search was carried out using“central venous indwelling catheter”“heparin sodium”and“normal saline”in CNK1,CBM,Wanfang,VIP and PubMed ranging from Jaunuary 1997 to April 2017.Meta analysis were performed using RevMan 5.1 software.Results A total of 3238 case studies in 13 articles including 1592 normal saline group and 1646 heparin (control) group were conducted.Meta-analysis results suggested that the incidences of phlebitis in the normal saline group was lower than that of heparin (control) group [OR=1.54,95%CI (1.02,2.30),P=0.04],the incidence of bleeding in normal saline group was lower than that of heparin (control) group [OR=3.79,95%CI (1.48,9.69),P=0.005],and there was no significant differences in the incidence of blocking pipe between the normal saline group and the heparin (control) group [OR=1.37,95%CI (1.01,1.87),P=0.05].The shape of the funnel plot did not reveal any evidence of obvious asymmetry.Conclusion The meta-analysis results show that normal saline sealing has a better effect on effectively reducing phlebitis and avoiding bleeding than heparin sodium sealing.
[Key words]Central venous indwelling catheter;Heparin;Normal saline;Meta-analysis
目前臨床上各种穿刺置管技术发展迅速,已经大大减少临床传统的反复静脉穿刺给患者带来的痛苦,同时减轻护士临床工作量,已被越来越广泛地应用于临床操作。经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)及经锁骨下静脉置入中心静脉导管(central venous catheter,CVC)都是较好的选择。但是在置管的过程中可能会出现静脉炎、血栓形成引起堵管、穿刺部位出血等一系列并发症。而临床常用生理盐水和肝素钠进行封管,但是生理盐水和肝素钠封管各有优缺点,谢荣玲等[1]发现生理盐水不容易诱发静脉炎,而其他研究发现肝素钠容易诱发静脉炎。……
