刘桂东　李碧娴　胡萍　管冠　姚锋先　钟八莲　周高峰

摘 要 以赣南地区主栽的枳砧纽荷尔脐橙及其早熟芽变品种赣南早脐橙幼苗为材料，利用盆栽试验进行早熟脐橙幼苗各部位元素含量差异分析。结果表明，赣南早脐橙幼苗根中的磷和镁，老叶中的磷、钾、镁以及新叶中的钙和镁含量均显著高于纽荷尔脐橙相应部位的元素含量。砧木茎和接穗茎中的磷、钾、钙含量也表现为赣南早显著高于纽荷尔。对于微量元素而言，除根以外，赣南早脐橙各部位硼含量均显著高于纽荷尔脐橙相应的各部位。根和新叶中的锰含量也均表现为赣南早显著高于纽荷尔脐橙。

关键词 脐橙 ；早熟 ；矿质元素 ；养分需求

中图分类号 S666.4 文献标识码 A Doi：10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2017.08.005

Abstract Pot experiment was conducted to study the differences of mineral element contents in different parts of navel orange between the major cultivar Newhall and early-mature variety Gannanzao， an early-mature bud sport of Newhall. The results showed that the navel orange variety Gannanzao had significantly higher contents of phosphorus and magnesium in their roots， of magnesium， phosphorus and potassium in their old leaves， and of magnesium and calcium in their leaves than the navel orange cultivar Newhall. The contents of phosphorus， potassium and calcium in the stems of rootstock and scion were also significantly higher in Gannanzao than in Newhall. For trace elements， Gannanzao navel orange had significantly higher boron content than Newhall navel orange in all parts of the plants， except in the roots. The contents of manganese in roots and new leaves were also significantly higher in Gannanzao than in Newhall navel orange.

Keywords navel orange ； early-mature ； mineral elements ； nutrient requirement

柑橘是世界上最重要的水果之一，其中臍橙是中国赣南地区主要的栽培种类。目前，赣南地区脐橙的种植面积和产量均居全国第一[1-2]。‘赣南早脐橙为目前主栽的枳砧纽荷尔脐橙变异优选早熟品种，果实10月上旬成熟，比纽荷尔早30 d以上[3]，于2012年通过江西省农作物品种审定委员会的新品种审定。早熟脐橙品种在优化品种结构保证中国水果市场供应等方面发挥着重要作用，发展潜力巨大，但目前赣南地区早熟脐橙品种几乎没有[4]。因此，‘赣南早的推广应用将会使赣南脐橙的品种结构得到优化，延长货架期。但是一个新品种的推广，首先得制定与之相配套的栽培管理措施，而施肥是柑橘栽培管理措施的重要内容之一，肥料种类、施肥量和施肥时期决定柑橘产量和品质[5]。……