非确知目标先验知识条件下MIMO雷达稳健波形设计
2017-09-08周子昂徐坤刘玉春王洪雁
周子昂+徐坤+刘玉春+王洪雁



摘 要: 考虑稳健波形优化问题以提高多输入多输出雷达最差条件下参数估计精度。基于最小?最大方法,将初始参数误差模型显式包含进波形优化问题,并基于克拉美?罗界得到稳健波形设计。为求解得到的复杂非线性优化问题,基于哈达玛不等式将其转化为半定规划问题,从而可高效求解。仿真结果表明,与不相关发射波形以及非稳健方法相比,所提方法可显著改善最差条件下参数的估计性能。
关键词: 多输入多输出雷达; 稳健波形设计; 凸松弛; 参数估计; 半定规划
中图分类号: TN951?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2017)17?0011?04
Optimization design for robust waveform of MIMO radar under condition
of uncertain target prior knowledge
ZHOU Ziang1, XU Kun2, LIU Yuchun1, WANG Hongyan3
(1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466000, China;
2. School of Network Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466000, China;
3. College of Information and Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China)
Abstract: The robust waveform optimization is considered to improve the parameter estimation accuracy of multiple?input and multiple?output (MIMO) radar under worst condition. On the basis of the min?max approach, the initial parameter error model is contained in the waveform optimization explicitly, and the robust waveform design is obtained on the basis of Cramér?Rao bound (CRB). To solve the obtained complicated and nonlinear optimization problem, it is converted into the semi?definite programming (SDP) problem by means of Hadamard′s inequality to get the efficient solution. The simulation results show that, in comparison with the uncorrelated transmitted waveform and non?robust method, the method can improve the parameter estimation performance under worst condition.
Keywords: multiple?input and multiple?output radar; robust waveform design; convex relaxation; parameter estimation; semi?definite programming
0 引 言
近些年来,收发器均采用多个天线单元的多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达,其已成为国内外雷达信号处理领域的研究热点[1?8]。MIMO雷达可以利用发射单元发射任意波形,即波形分集 [1]。根据收发阵元间距,MIMO雷达可分为分置MIMO雷达[2]及共置MIMO雷达[1]两类。MIMO雷达相对于相控阵雷达具有明显优势,比如更好的参数辨识性能[3]及更加灵活的波束方向图设计[4?8]。本文考虑共置MIMO雷达。
由上述可知,发射波形在较大程度上决定了MIMO雷达的性能。因而,近年来波形设计已然成为MIMO雷达领域中的关键问题之一[4?8]。根据优化目标,现有方法可分为仅设计波形[4?5]及波形和接收器联合设计[6?8]两类。文献[4]设计波形相关阵(WCM),文献[5]则考虑了恒模信号设计。基于不同设计准则,如最小化克拉美?罗界(CRB)迹,文献[6]在无杂波场景下优化波形,文献[7]则基于约束CRB(Constrained CRB)在杂波场景下优化波形。……
