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矿井涌水量预测方法探讨

2017-09-03刘启蒙胡友彪张宇通刘浩

刘启蒙 胡友彪 张宇通 刘浩

摘 要:为研究矿井涌水量,在对比分析预计与实际矿井涌水量的基础上,指出80%以上的矿山的预计涌水量与实际相差超过50%,并分析了影响预计结果与实际不符的主控因素。在分析矿井涌水量现行主要预测方法的特点和优、劣势的基础上,给出不同阶段适用的预测方法,并结合工程实例进行分析。此外,对如何准确预测钻孔涌水量与大井法预测中存在的问题及解决方案进行了探讨。最后,给出了对矿井涌水量预计的几点认识。

关键词:矿井涌水量,预测方法;准确性与适用性;钻孔涌水量

中图分类号: TD742 文献标志码:A

文章编号:1672-1098(2017)06-0001-07

Abstract:The comparative analysis of expected and actual mine water inflow showed that more than 80% coal mining water inflow predictions were not correct compared with the actural water inflow, the error ratio over 50%, and the main controlling factors that affected the prediction result were analyzed. Based on analyzing the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the current main prediction methods, the applicable prediction methods at different stages were providedand analyzed with the practical engineering examples. In addition, how to accurately predict the existence of prediction of water inflow and the problems existing in the drilling well and their solutions were discussed. Finally, some opinions on the prediction of mine water inflow were given as the suggestion.

Key words:mine water inflow; prediction method; accuracy and applicability; borehole water inflow

矿井涌水量是指矿井开拓与开采过程中,单位时间内涌入矿井(包括井巷和开采系统)的水量,它不仅是一个表征了矿井充水强度和矿井水文地质条件复杂程度的重要指标,同时也是矿井排水系统设计的重要依据[1-2]。矿井涌水的组成十分复杂,体现在突水水源和通道的复杂性上。

目前矿井涌水量预测大体上可以分为确定性预计方法和非确定性(随机)预计方法两类[3]。其中确定性预计方法主要包括解析法、模拟法、数值法与水均衡法;非确定性预计方法主要包括水文地质比拟法、回归分析法、模糊数学法、灰色关联法、神经网络法、时间序列分析法和混沌模型法等[4-8],如图1所示。

统计分析50个全国岩溶充水矿山水文地质资料发现:地质勘探报告中所预测的涌水量与开采后实际涌水量相比,仅有5个矿山的差异小于30%,而80%的矿山预测涌水量和实际涌水量差异达到50%以上。……

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