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城市营区出入口空间安全设计策略

2017-09-03郭新张超

郭新 张超

摘 要:为解决城市营区出入口空间中存在的安全防卫能力低下的问题,以城市营区出入口作为研究对象,采用建筑设计的相关方法,分析了出入口空间中门体、附属空间和环境等不同构成要素的具体特点,并以此为基础,探讨了其空间形式、空间环境和空间布局等三个设计要素与应对一般性刑事犯罪之间的关系,最后提出四类具体的安全设计对策,即提高人员对安全设计的认识,强化安全为主的设计理念;合理设计出入口的空间层次和尺度;恰当选择和布置绿化环境和照明环境;优化哨兵的位置和视野范围。由此,为营区出入口空间的安全设计提供了依据和参考,保障了营区的安全和稳定。

关键词:出入口空间;安全设计;城市营区;刑事犯罪

中图分类号: TU201 文献标志码:A

文章编号:1672-1098(2017)06-0082-05

Abstract:In order to solve the low efficiency problem of the entrance space design for military district, this article makes the camp entrance as the research object, uses the related method of architectural design, and analyzes the specific characteristics of different components such as entrance spaces in body, affiliated space and environment. On this basis, this article explores the relationship between the three design elements, that is, the space form, space environment and space layout , and the response to the general criminal crime, finally puts forward four specific countermeasures of safety design, namely, improving staff awareness of safety design and strengthening safety design concept of main, doing rational design of the space level and scale entrance and making rightly selection and layout of green environment and the lighting environment, and optimization of sentinel position and scope. This article provides the basis and reference for the safety design of the entrance space of the camp for the purpose of ensuring the security and stability of the camp.

Key words:entrance space; safety design; urban barracks; criminal offense

随着我国城市规模、人口的不断膨胀,原有城市社会生态系统面临巨大压力,滋生大量的违法犯罪行为,对身处城市之中的军事营区造成极大威胁。近年来,各地陆续發生以城市营区为目标的刑事犯罪事件,如重庆周克华枪杀哨兵案和上海哨兵被杀案等,不仅在社会上造成恶劣影响,也对营区正常的生活、训练秩序造成威胁。针对如此严峻的安全形势,2014年国家重新修订并出台了《中华人民共和国军事设施保护法》,以加大军事营区的保护力度[1-2]。另一方面,目前国内外针对营区安全防卫的研究主要集中于“人防、物防、技防”等方面,而从建筑规划设计的角度开展的相关研究较少,这也是当前营区缺乏安全设计以及安全防卫能力低下的重要原因[3-6]。……

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