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基于模糊层次分析法的农民返乡创业机会识别能力评价研究

2017-08-15李丽群

创新科技 2017年5期

李丽群

[摘 要] 农民返乡创业机会识别能力是影响农民创业成功的重要因素。建立了农民返乡创业机会识别能力评价指标和评价模型,运用模糊层次分析法对农民返乡创业机会识别能力水平的影响因素进行了定量分析,并通过专家评价法对农民返乡创业机会识别能力评价体系中的指标进行了深入分析,计算出了各指标参数的权重,对农民返乡创业机会识别过程中收益预期、成长空间、市场需求和组织管理等方面进行综合评价。

[关键词] “三农问题”;农民创业;机会识别;识别能力;模糊层次分析法

[中图分类号] F272 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1671-0037(2017)5-47-4

Abstract: The Entrepreneurial opportunity identification ability of farmers returning to countryside is an important factor affecting the success of farmers' entrepreneurship. The evaluation index and evaluation model of entrepreneurial opportunities identification ability of farmers returning to countryside were established, quantitative analysis on theinfluence factors of entrepreneurial opportunity identification ability offarmers returning to countryside was carried out usingFuzzy AHP method, and through the expert evaluation methodthe indexes of entrepreneurial opportunity identification abilityevaluation systemfor farmers returning to countrysidewere deeply analyzed, to calculate the weight of each index and parameter, and comprehensively evaluate earnings expectations, market demand and development space, organization and management and other aspects during the entrepreneurial opportunities identification process of farmers returning to countryside.

Key words: "Three Rural Issues"; farmers' entrepreneurship; opportunity identification; identification ability; fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP)

1 引言

自改革開放以来,随着我国新型工业化、城镇化进程的加快,大量农村剩余劳动力纷纷涌入发达城市,近四十年“打工经济”一定程度改变了农民、农村的这一乡村系统的封闭。众多农民通过外出打工,学到了一定的技术,经济条件也进一步得到改善。然而由于城市安家成本高,缺乏归属感,“两栖人”的队伍日益壮大,最终导致农村与城市系统的物质能量互动中,农村只是纯粹的输出者,逐渐散出自身的能量,由此城乡差别越来越大。

近年来,越来越多外出外闯荡多年的农民,在发达地区掌握了一定技术,拥有一定管理技术和完成一定财富的积累后,纷纷选择返乡创业。农民创业一定时期成了农村另一道风景,政府纷纷制定相关扶持政策来帮助农民创业,学者们纷纷研究其创业形式、创业理论等,一定社会组织纷纷开展了针对农民创业的相关培训工作。……

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