廖青慧+钟林+傅思勇

摘 要 目的：觀察家长参与式护理模式在早产儿的护理过程中的效果。方法：以2015年3月至2016年10月新生儿科住院100例早产儿为研究对象，按住院时间随机分为对照组50例和观察组50例，对照组采用传统的护理模式（全部由护士护理，家长不参与，出院时护士向家长做出院宣教）；观察组采用家庭参与式护理模式。比较两组家长对早产儿基本护理知识的认知水平和护理技能、家长对护理工作的满意度、早产儿出院后护理问题发生率、以及母乳喂养成功率。结果：干预后观察组家长的护理知识认知水平与护理技能平均得分均显著高于对照组（P<0.001）；观察组的家长满意率和母乳喂养成功率也显著高于对照组（P均<0.05）；观察组早产儿出院后护理问题发生率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：在早产儿的护理过程中，家长参与式护理模式能够提高家长的护理知识认知水平及护理技能，提高母乳喂养成功率，降低早产儿出院后护理问题发生率，提高家长的满意度。

关键词 早产儿护理；家长参与式护理模式；效果

中图分类号：R473.72 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2017）14-0057-03

Observation of the effect of parental participation nursing mode in premature infants care

LIAO Qinghui， ZHONG Lin， FU Siyong

（Nursing Department of Maternal and Child Health Care Center， Xinyu 338000， Jiangxi Province， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To observe the effect of parental participation nursing mode in the nursing process of premature infants. Methods： From March 2015 to October 2016 100 cases of newborn infants were selected in our hospital as the research objects， and according to the time of hospitalization they were randomly divided into a control group with 50 cases and an observation group with 50 cases. The control group used traditional nursing mode （premature infants were all nursed by nurses， and the parents did not take part in during hospitalization. When leaving hospital， the nurses made discharge instruction to the parents）. The observation group adopted the family participation nursing mode. The cognitive level and nursing skills of basic nursing knowledge of premature infants， parents satisfaction with nursing work， incidence of nursing problems in preterm infants after discharge and success rate of breast feeding were compared between the two groups. Results： After intervention， the average scores of the nursing knowledge， cognitive level and nursing skills of the parents in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P<0.001） . The satisfaction rate of parents and the success rate of breast feeding were also higher in the observation group than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The incidence of nursing problems in the observation group after discharge was significantly lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion： In the process of nursing care of premature infants， parental participation nursing mode can improve parents cognitive level of nursing knowledge and nursing skills， improve the success rate of breast-feeding， reduce the incidence of nursing problems and improve the satisfaction of parents after discharge.

KEY WORDS premature infant nursing； parents participating nursing mode； effect

我國的早产儿发生率居高不下，不同龄的早产儿其成熟度亦不同，胎龄越小，成熟度越差，并且成为了新生儿死亡的常见原因[1]。有研究报道，出院后的家庭护理也是早产儿护理的一部分，但生育早产儿的家长往往会有忧虑和罪恶感，接受早产儿需要的特殊照顾常需一段时间，而早产儿又往往需要较长时间的住院，这使家长无法确切了解孩子的生活[2]。另一方面，大部分家长对早产儿的护理知识缺乏，因此应在提供隔离措施的前提下鼓励家长进入早产儿室参与护理，使他们得到良好的信息支持并树立照顾早产儿的信心[3]。本次研究旨在评估家长参与式护理模式护理早产儿的效果。

1 资料与方法