程丽娜?周学年?叶登凰?聂湘辉

[摘要] 目的 探討电话、微信、短信干预措施对团体无偿献血者再次献血行为的影响，为建立一支固定的无偿献血者队伍提供科学依据。 方法 选择2015年6月期间首次参加河源市中心血站团体无偿献血的无偿献血者880例，按照随机数字表法将研究对象分为干预组A组、B组、C组，D组为对照组，各220例。干预组分别给予电话干预、微信干预、短信干预，干预时间为献血后一年。对照组不实施任何干预措施。统计分析所有研究对象一年内再次献血情况。 结果 880例研究对象再次献血率为26.82%（236/880），干预组和对照组中再次献血者分别为192例、44例，干预组再次献血率（29.09%）显著高于对照组（20.00%），两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.948，P =0.008）。电话、微信、短信干预组再次献血率分别为34.09%（75/220）、27.73%（62/220）、25.45%（56/220），三组间比较，差异无统计学意义（χ2=4.275，P=0.118）。 结论 干预措施能够有效招募和保留团体无偿献血者，建议以电话、微信等干预措施与团体无偿献血者保持长期联系。

[关键词] 团体无偿献血；干预措施；再次献血

[中图分类号] R193.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616（2017）09-245-03

Intervention study of second-time blood donating behavior in blood donator group

CHENG Lina ZHOU Xuenian YE Denghuang NIE Xianghui

Blood Center of Heyuan，Heyuan 517000，China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the impact of intervention by telephone，WeChat，SMS on blood donator group's second- time blood donating behavior and，to provide a scientific base for establish a fixed cohort of blood donors. Methods 880 voluntary blood donors were collected in the blood donator group during June 2015.They were randomly divided into three A intervention groups（A/B/C），B intervention group，C intervention group and D control group with 220 objects in each.The cases in three intervention groups were intervened respectively by telephone，WeChat，SMS within one year.The cases in control group was not given any intervention.Blood donation again within one year of all the cases were statistically ananlyzed. Results The second-time blood donating rate of the 880 cases of voluntary blood donors was 26.82% （236/880）.In the intervention group and control group，the blood donors were 192 and 44 respectively.That rate of the intervention group was 29.09%（192/660），which was significantly higher than the control group with 20.00% （44/220），the difference between both groups was statistically significant （χ2=6.948，P=0.008）.The rate of telephone， WeChat， SMS were 34.09% （75/220），27.73% （62/220），25.45% （56/220） respectively and there was no significant difference between three intervention groups （χ2=4.275，P=0.118）. Conclusion Intervention has great benefits for recruiting and retaining the voluntary group blood donors and maintain long-term contact with the donors by telephone，WeChat，SMS.

[Key words] Voluntary group blood donor；Intervention measures；Blood donation behavior

目前，我国有三种献血模式，即个人无偿献血、 团体无偿献血和家庭互助献血。团体无偿献血作为应急状态时血源的一种主要补充形式。由于每年组织团体无偿献血补充血源次数有限，故团体无偿献血者极易流失。有研究显示招募原有献血者再次献血的成本仅为招募新献血者成本的1/20，并且多次献血者血液安全性高于首次献血者血液[1]。无偿献血者在献血后1年内再次献血行为有助于无偿献血者发展为定期献血者[2]。……