青钱柳种子综合处理育苗技术研究
2017-07-13余永富李杨杨宗才
余永富 李杨 杨宗才


摘要[目的]探索提高青钱柳种子育苗效率的方法。[方法]采用处理 Ⅰ(去皮种+清水浸泡+清水拌沙藏)、处理 Ⅱ(去皮种+GA3溶液浸泡+ GA3溶液拌沙藏)、处理 Ⅲ(酸蚀种+ GA3溶液浸泡+ GA3溶液拌沙藏)3种综合处理播种育苗措施进行育苗试验,研究不同处理对催芽效果、出苗特性、出苗率、苗木生长及病虫害的影响。[结果]处理Ⅲ的种子发芽最早,出苗数量较多,且较稳定; 处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ 的总出苗率分别为14.59%、17.36%、4.51%。方差分析显示,3种处理播种育苗总出苗率差异不显著,而第1年与第2年的出苗率均为差异显著。[结论]处理 Ⅱ 较好打破种子休眠,总出苗率最高,是青钱柳种子育苗的优良处理措施。
关键词 青钱柳;种子育苗;综合处理
中图分类号 S723 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2017)02-0181-03
Abstract[Objective] To explore the method of raising the efficiency of seedling raising of Cyclocarya paliurus.[Method] Using three comprehensive treatments, treatmentⅠ(peeled seeds+clear water immersion+clear water mixed sand reservoir), treatment Ⅱ(peeled seeds+GA3 solution immersion+GA3 solution mixed sand reservoir), treatment Ⅲ(acid pickling+GA3 solution immersion+GA3 solution mixed sand reservoir), effects on germination, emergence characteristics, rate of emergence, seedling growth and plant diseases and insect pests were studied.[Result] Seed germination was the earliest, the number of seedlings was large and stable in treatment Ⅲ;total emergency rate in treatment Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ were 14.58%, 17.36%, 4.51% respectively. Analysis of variance showed that there was no significant difference in the total seedling emergence rate among three treatments, but the seedling emergence rate was significantly different between the first and second years.[Conclusion] Treatment Ⅱ can break seed dormancy with highest seed emergency rate, which is a good measure for seed breeding of C.paliurus.
Key words Cyclocarya paliurus;Seed seedling;Comprehensive treatment
青钱柳(Cyclocarya paliurus)为胡桃科青钱柳属高大乔木,别名摇钱树,主要分布于我国长江流域,为我国特有的单种属植物。青钱柳树姿优美,是良好的庭园观赏树种,木材细致,可作家具及工业用材。青钱柳叶含人体所必需的钾、钙、镁、磷等大量元素,以及锰、铁、铜、锌、硒、铬、矾、锗等微量元素[1-3],含有黄酮、三萜化合物、皂甙等生物活性成分,具有防治高血糖、高血压、高血脂等保健作用[4-6],是具有重要开发价值的多用途树种。青钱柳果皮和种皮存在一定的机械束缚和透水透气性障碍,且果皮、种皮等部位中存在活性较强的内源抑制物质,构成种子休眠的原因[7],通常情况下,种子繁殖隔年才能发芽,这就制约了苗木培育生产。打破种子休眠是提高育苗效率的关键,史晓华等[8]研究表明,种子经酸蚀处理后,种胚获得了良好的透气性,加速了种子的后熟进程,经室外一冬层积后,酸蚀种子的发芽率为18.2%~33.4%。……
