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恶霉灵对蚯蚓的毒性效应及其蛋白含量的影响

2017-07-13王晓菲薛一刘长莉

安徽农业科学 2017年34期

王晓菲 薛一 刘长莉

摘要 [目的]研究恶霉灵(3-羟基-5-甲基异恶唑)对蚯蚓的毒性效应,及其对蚯蚓体内蛋白质含量的影响。[方法]采用滤纸接触法进行不同浓度恶雾灵对蚯蚓的毒害作用试验,并测定蚯蚓体内蛋白含量。[结果]蚯蚓在接触农药时有明显反应,染毒48 h恶霉灵对蚯蚓半致死浓度(LC50)为2.455 g/L,不同浓度农药处理结果存在显著差异(P<0.05)。 各种浓度的恶霉灵处理24 h后,蚯蚓体内蛋白含量呈先升高后降低的趋势,处理48 h后呈现出升高、降低、再升高的变化。并且用同一个浓度处理24 、48 h后,其体内蛋白质含量也存在显著差异(P<0.05)。[结论]恶霉灵对蚯蚓具有毒害作用,且受到的毒害程度随浓度和培养时间的增加而加重。蚯蚓在染毒后体内蛋白质的含量发生一定的变化。

关键词 恶霉灵;蚯蚓;滤纸接触法;毒性效应

中图分类号 S171.5 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2017)34-0095-04

Abstract [Objective]The aim is to study the Hymexazol (3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole) toxicity effect on earthworms and its influence on the protein content of earthworms.[Method]Method of filter paper contact was used to study the toxicity effects of different concentrations of Hymexazol on earthworm ,and the protein content of earthworms was determined.[Result] Earthworms had a significant response to pesticide exposure,and the lethal concentration (LC50) of 48 hours against earthworms was 2.455 g/L.In addition,there were significant differences with different concentrations of Hymexazol treatment(P<0.05).The total soluble protein content of earthworms increased first and then decreased after treating with various concentrations of Hymexazol for 24 hours.While they present increased,decreased and increased again after treating for 48 hours.There was also significant difference in protein content between 24 h and 48 h treated with the same concentration (P<0.05).[Conclusion] Hymexazol has a toxic effect on earthworms,and the degree of poisoning rose with increasing concentration and incubation time.And the total soluble content of the protein in the earthworm has a certain change after exposuring.

Key words Hymexazol; Earthworms; Method of filter paper contact; Toxic effects

隨着现代农业生产的发展,农药与化肥大量使用,带来巨大经济效益的同时,也严重污染破坏了土壤环境。蚯蚓是土壤中常见的杂食性环节动物之一,在生态环境保护中,蚯蚓能够改善土壤成分,提高土壤肥力,分解固体废物,调节土壤pH[1]。另外,土壤中有许多动物都是以蚯蚓为食,一旦土壤中的污染物积累在蚯蚓体内,这些污染物就会沿着食物链进行传递和富集[1-2],从而可能对食物链中更高级的生物产生威胁[3]。因此,根据其生物学特性,蚯蚓常被用作为测定土壤环境污染状况的模式生物之一[4-6]。

蛋白质是构成生物体细胞、组织的重要成分。在某些理化因素的作用下,蛋白质会发生变性,并且多数蛋白质的变性是不可逆的。研究表明,蚯蚓体内蛋白质含量的变化可以作为土壤毒理诊断指标之一[7]。恶霉灵是一种新型农药,其药效作用独特,在防治病害等方面具有高效、广谱、内吸性等特点,得到广泛应用,但目前关于恶霉灵是否对环境有害鲜有报道。……

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