胡晓苗 张丹俊 戴银

摘要 [目的]诊断疑似患有克雷伯氏杆菌病的发病鸡群。[方法]通过采取病鸡肝脏和脑组织，接种于胰蛋白胨琼脂培养基、麦康凯琼脂培养基、SS琼脂培养基、兔血琼脂培养基，培养出疑似克雷伯氏杆菌菌落，革兰氏染色发现该菌属于革兰氏阴性菌，将菌落进行溶血试验和生化试验。[结果]初步判断该菌为克雷伯氏杆菌。药敏试验中发现该菌对庆大霉素、妥布霉素、恩诺沙星、阿米卡星表现较敏感；对阿莫西林、卡那霉素、氨苄西林、头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、多黏菌素、四环素有极强的耐药性；对于红霉素、新霉素的敏感性介于两者之间。[结论]药敏试验为治疗该菌提供了大致方向，同时提醒抗生素类药物切不可滥用，以免产生耐药性。

关键词 克雷伯氏杆菌；生化试验；药敏

中图分类号 S855 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2017）34-0092-03

Abstract [Objective] To diagnose the chickens suspected of having Klebsiella brucellosis. [Method] By using the liver and brain tissue of the diseased chicken， we inoculated in tryptone agar medium， MacConkeyagar medium， SS agar medium and rabbit blood agar medium to culture the suspected Klebsiella brucellosis colony. Gram stain found that the strain belonged to Gramnegative bacteria， the colony was subjected to hemolysis and biochemical tests. [Result] The results preliminarily reflected the suspected bacteria was Klebsiella brucellosis. The drug sensitivity test showed that the bacteria had strong drug resistance to amoxicillin， kanamycin，ampicillin，cefotaxime，ceftriaxone，polymyxin and tetracycline， more sensitivity to gentamicin， tobramycin， enrofloxacin， amikacin，and erythromycin， neomycin between them. [Conclusion] Drug sensitive test provides direction for treatment of the bacteria， but also reminds drugs must not be abused in order to avoid drug resistance.

Key words Klebsiella brucellosis；Biochemical tests；Drug sensitivity

雞克雷伯氏杆菌病是由克雷伯氏杆菌引起的一类以消化道或呼吸道疾病为主的传染性疾病。该病可通过消化道感染家禽使其发病，导致畜禽发生化脓性炎症，更甚者暴发败血症，引起小鸡一侧性或两侧性眼睑肿胀与视力障碍，发病率为38%～46%，死亡率达32%。该病的发生和鸡舍卫生环境不良有很大关系。该研究病鸡临床表现主要为腿关节肿胀，通过对该鸡的病样进行细菌分离与鉴定，结果初步判断该病鸡为克雷伯氏杆菌感染。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料

组织病样为病鸡气囊、肝脏和支气管堵塞物等。培养基：胰蛋白胨琼脂培养基；SS琼脂培养基；……