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甘蓝型半冬性油菜品种在西藏的生态适应性研究

2017-07-13王晋雄

安徽农业科学 2017年2期

王晋雄

摘要[目的]研究甘蓝型半冬性油菜在拉萨地区的适应性和丰产性。[方法]从安徽引进了 10个甘蓝型半冬性油菜品种(系)在拉萨进行试种,比较其生育期、农艺性状及产量,分析其生态适应性及生产潜力,筛选出适宜拉萨地区栽培的优质高产早熟的甘蓝型半冬性油菜品种。[结果]甘蓝型半冬性油菜品种(系)AH03和AH05表现出良好的环境适应性和丰产性,适合在拉萨地区推广种植。[结论]该试验为丰富西藏油菜资源,缓解中低海拔缺乏优质高产甘蓝型油菜品种提供理论基础。

关键词 甘蓝型油菜;半冬性;适应性;丰产性;西藏

中图分类号 S634.3 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2017)02-0036-02

Abstract[Objective] To research the adaptability and yielding ability of semiwinter type Brassica napus in Tibet.[Method] Ten varieties (lines) of semiwinter type B.napus were introduced into Lhasa for experimental planting.Their growth periods,agronomic characters and yields were compared.The ecologial adaptability and productive potential were analyzed,so as to screen the suitable varieties (lines) of semiwinter type B.napus in Tibet.[Result] AH03 and AH05 showed relatively good ecologial adaptability and yielding ability,and were suitable to be planted in Lhasa area of Tibet.[Conclusion] This research provides theoretical foundation for enriching the rape resources in Tibet,and for relieving the lack of highquality and highyield B.napus varieties in mid and lowaltitude areas.

Key words Brassica napus;Semiwinter type;Adaptability;Yielding ability;Tibet

油菜是西藏主要的油料作物和传统的经济作物之一,发展油菜生产对促进西藏农业生产,提高人民生活水平,发展牧业有重要的作用[1]。西藏油菜资源丰富,长期主要种植白菜型春油菜,但大多是农家品种,产量低、品质差[2-3],普遍缺乏优质、高产、适应性强的品种。因此,引进优质、高产、适应性强的甘蓝型油菜品种对提高油菜生产水平具有重要意义[4]。鉴于此,笔者从安徽引进10个优质甘蓝型半冬性油菜品种(系)(AH01~AH10),在拉萨地区试种,观察其适应性、丰产性,筛选出适宜拉萨地区种植的优质高产油菜品种(系),以期为丰富西藏油菜资源,缓解中低海拔缺乏优质高产甘蓝型油菜品种,提高农民收入提供理论基础[5]。

1 材料與方法

1.1 材料 参试材料共 10 个甘蓝型半冬性油菜品种(系),即AH01~AH10,均由安徽省农业科学院作物研究所提供。……

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