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杜克宽诊治小儿脾胃病学术思想与临证经验探析

2017-07-13涂一世

中国中医药信息杂志 2017年7期

涂一世

摘要:杜克宽教授重视脾胃在小儿疾病发生中的獨特地位,善于把握小儿脾胃生理病理特点及与相关脏腑的关系,提出诊治小儿脾胃病需要祛邪为先、兼以扶正,扶脾为本、佐以抑肝和谨守病机、内外合治的学术思想,具有较强的指导性和实用性。

关键词:名医经验;杜克宽;脾胃病;儿科;学术思想

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2017.07.024

中图分类号:R272.957 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-5304(2017)07-0102-03

Abstract: Professor DU Ke-kuan pays attention to the special role of the spleen and stomach in pediatric diseases, good at grasping the relationship between physiological and pathological features of spleen and stomach in childre with relative viscera. He also thinks that eliminating pathogenic factors is very important, which should be combined with supporting healthy, inhibiting the liver to strengthen the spleen, understanding the pathogenesis and combining internal and external treatment for the spleen-stomach diseases in children, with a strong guidance and practicality.

Key words: experience of famous doctors; DU Ke-kuan; spleen and stomach diseases; pediatrics; academic thoughts

杜克宽教授系湖北省名老中医,湖北省第二、三批老中医药专家学术经验继承工作指导老师,从事中医儿科医疗、教学、科研工作50余年,对小儿肺系及脾系疾病有独特的诊疗经验,享有“慈济广幼”的美誉。笔者有幸作为其师承弟子,有感于杜老临证明辨医理,执简驭繁,常收捷效。现不揣简陋,将导师诊治小儿脾胃病学术思想和临证经验整理总结如下,以飨同道。

1 明虚实,祛邪为先,兼以扶正

1.1 生理特点在于“脾常不足”

万全《育婴家秘》指出:“脾常不足者,脾司土气,儿之初生,所饮食者乳耳,水谷未入,脾未用事,其气尚弱,故曰不足。”以“脾常不足”概括了小儿脾胃特点,说明小儿脾胃功能尚未健全,但这种“不足”与病态的虚弱有异,既是动态变化的,也是小儿正常发育状态下的一种生理现象。因此,通过适宜的

调养,小儿脾胃功能是能够满足机体生长的需要,并发挥其正常生理功能,且随年龄的增长和水谷精微的不断摄入,“不足”之脾胃也日趋发育成熟和健全。

1.2 病理特点在于“升降失常”

脾与胃同居中焦,互为表里。脾主运化升清,喜燥恶湿,以升为健;……

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