龙全江 张颖 徐雪琴

摘要：目的 比较不同加工方法对延胡索药材中有效成分的影响。方法 采用HPLC测定延胡索中原阿片碱、去氢紫堇碱、延胡索乙素的含量。色谱柱：Agilent HC-C18（2）柱（4.6 mm×250 mm，5 μm）；流动相：乙腈∶0.1%磷酸水溶液（三乙胺调pH 5.3）=26∶74；流速：1.0 mL/min；柱温：35 ℃；检测波长：280 nm；进样量：10 μL。在上述色谱条件下，3种成分均得到很好分离，各成分质量与峰面积在相应范围内线性关系良好（r2≥0.999 6），平均加样回收率分别为100.31%、99.34%、99.34%（RSD≤2.70%）。结果 大号规格（鲜品直径2.0～3.0 cm）煮制时间5～6 min、中号规格（鲜品直径1.5～1.9 cm）煮制时间2～4 min、小号规格（鲜品直径0.7～1.4 cm）煮制时间1～2 min者中原阿片碱、去氢紫堇碱、延胡索乙素的含量及3种生物碱总含量比各组其他样品高，经煮制加工的延胡索药材样品中3种生物碱的含量总体低于蒸制加工所得的延胡索药材。结论 本研究为延胡索药材产地加工工艺的确定提供了依据。

关键词：延胡索；蒸制；煮制；生物碱；高效液相色谱法

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2017.07.021

中图分类号：R282.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-5304（2017）07-0090-04

Abstract： Objective To explore the effects of different processes on the contents of three alkaloid ingredients in Coridalis Rhizoma. Methods The contents of three alkaloid ingredients （protopine， dehydrocorydaline， tetrahydropalmatine） were determined by HPLC. Agilent HC-C18（2） column （4.6 mm × 250 mm， 5 μm） was set at 35 ℃； acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution （triethylamine adjusted pH 5.3） （26：74） was set as mobile phase； the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and detection wavelength was set at 280 nm； the injection volume was 10 μL. The three components were separated well under these chromatographic conditions. The linear relationship between the mass of each component and the peak area was good （r2≥0.999 6）. The average recoveries were 100.31%， 99.34%， and 99.34%， respectively （RSD≤2.70%）. Results The contents of protopine， dehydrocorydaline， tetrahydropalmatine and the total contents of three alkaloids were higher than other groups in large size samples （diameter of fresh products was 2.0–3.0 cm） which were boiled 5–6 minutes， the medium size samples （diameter of fresh products was 1.5–1.9 cm） which were boiled 2–4 minutes and the small size samples （diameter of fresh products was 0.7–1.4 cm） which were boiled 1–2 minutes. The contents of alkaloid in boiled process were lower than steamed process. Conclusion The results of study provide an experimental basis for origin processing of Coridalis Rhizoma.

Key words： Coridalis Rhizoma； steaming process； boiling process； alkaloids； HPLC

延胡索為罂粟科植物延胡索Corydalis yanhusuo W.T.Wang的干燥块茎，具有显著的镇痛、镇静、催眠作用，对冠心病、心律失常、胃溃疡等多种疾病有较好的治疗效果[1]。《中华人民共和国药典》收载的产

地加工方法为“置沸水中煮至恰无白心时，取出，晒干”[2]。延胡索主产于浙江东阳、磐安等地，陕西、安徽、江苏、湖北、湖南等地也产[3]。产地加工传统习惯上主要依据药材大小掌握不同的煮制时间，煮至中心有一小白点时即可[4]。查阅文献发现，有研究者以延胡索乙素为考察指标，分析了不同采收期及不同加工方法对延胡索药材的影响，结果以蒸制加工延胡索乙素含量高[5]；……