IgA肾病黏膜免疫与从咽论治
2017-07-13赵明明张昱李刘生于子凯
赵明明 张昱 李刘生 于子凯
摘要:IgA肾病是常见的原发性肾小球疾病,主要表现为血尿,伴或不伴有蛋白尿,其发病机制尚未完全明确,多认为与黏膜免疫有关。目前现代医学治疗主要通过控制血压、减少尿蛋白、延缓肾功能衰竭以延缓病情进展,而中医多采用病证结合的方法对IgA肾病进行治疗,效果满意。本文基于黏膜免疫与“从咽论治”关系论述IgA肾病,并探讨IgA肾病的发生、发展及治疗。
关键词:IgA肾病;黏膜免疫;从咽论治;解毒利咽
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2017.07.004
中图分类号:R272.956 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-5304(2017)07-0015-04
Abstract: IgA nephropathy is a common primary glomerulopathy; the main clinical manifestation is hematuria, with or without proteinuria. However, the pathogenesis associated with mucosal immunity is not completely clear. At present, modern medical treatment delays the progression of IgA nephropathy mainly by controlling blood pressure, reducing proteinuria and delaying renal function failure. The method of combination of disease and syndrome of TCM has received satisfactory efficacy in the treatment of IgA nephropathy. Based on the relationship between mucosal immune and “treated from pharynx”, this article investigated the occurrence, development and treatment of IgA nephropathy.
Key words: IgA nephropathy; mucosal immunity; treatment from the pharynx; detoxification and benefiting pharynx
IgA肾病是一组特殊免疫类型的原发性肾小球肾炎,以肾小球系膜区IgA沉积为主要特点,主要表现为血尿,可伴有不同程度的蛋白尿、高血压和肾的功能受损,是导致终末期肾病的常见原发性肾小球疾病之一。其发病机制尚未完全明确,也无特异性疗法,现阶段治疗主要围绕控制血压、减少尿蛋白、延缓肾功能衰竭进行[1]。根据临床表现,IgA肾病应归属中医学“尿血”“腰痛”“水肿”等范畴,其证型可分为外感风热证、下焦湿热证、肺脾气虚证、气阴两虚证、肝肾阴虚证、脾肾阳虚证,且易兼夹寒湿、痰湿、血瘀及浊毒[2]。IgA肾病起病前多有呼吸道感染,尤其咽炎、扁桃体炎,与黏膜免疫相关。为此,笔者从黏膜免疫与从咽论治来论述IgA肾病,并探讨其机制及相关治疗。
基金项目:中国中医科学院基本科研业务费自主选题项目(ZZ0708105)
通讯作者:张昱,E-mail:zhangyu8225@163.com
1 IgA肾病的黏膜免疫机制
临床观察发现,49.4%的IgA肾病继发于感染,其中,41.9%为呼吸道感染,包括扁桃体炎、咽炎、肺部感染,其中扁桃体炎占80.1%[3]。……
