袁园园+周玉碧+孙菁+邓娟+白莹+王劼+卢学峰

[摘要] 采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-OES）测定内蒙阿拉善盟15个样点大白刺果实中矿质元素含量，并用主成分分析法对其元素含量特征进行了分析。所测19种元素共检出18种，钒（V）未检出，其中钠（Na）、钾（K）和钙（Ca）等元素含量较高，不同样点间Ti含量差异最大，K差异最小。主成分分析得 4个主成分，其累计方差贡献率达81.542%，第1主成分的方差贡献率为44.997%，故确定其所对应的铬（Cr）、铁（Fe）、磷（P）、钙（Ca）为大白刺果实的特征元素。所建立的ICP-OES分析方法检出限低，灵敏度高，可适用于大白刺果实矿质元素的测定；主成分分析法清晰地揭示了內蒙阿拉善盟大白刺果实矿质元素含量存在差异和地理分布有关。该研究可为内蒙阿拉善盟大白刺资源的开发提供参考。

[关键词] ICP-OES； 大白刺果实； 矿质元素； 主成分分析

[Abstract] The content of elements in fifteen different regions of Nitraria roborowskii samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry（ICP-OES）， and its elemental characteristics were analyzed by principal component analysis. The results indicated that 18 mineral elements were detected in N. roborowskii of which V cannot be detected. In addition， contents of Na， K and Ca showed high concentration. Ti showed maximum content variance， while K is minimum. Four principal components were gained from the original data. The cumulative variance contribution rate is 81.542% and the variance contribution of the first principal component was 44.997%， indicating that Cr， Fe， P and Ca were the characteristic elements of N. roborowskii.Thus， the established method was simple， precise and can be used for determination of mineral elements in N.roborowskii Kom. fruits. The elemental distribution characteristics among N.roborowskii fruits are related to geographical origins which were clearly revealed by PCA. All the results will provide good basis for comprehensive utilization of N.roborowskii.

[Key words] ICP-OES； Nitraria roborowskii； mineral elements； principal component analysis

大白刺Nitraria roborowskii Kom.是蒺藜科Zygophyllaceae白刺属Nitraria L.植物[1]，是荒漠和半荒漠地区重要的建群种之一，主要分布在我国西北地区，尤其内蒙古阿拉善盟地区资源最为丰富[2-3]。白刺果实不但可食用，还可入药，利用价值极高。其果实营养丰富，含有色素、氨基酸、微量元素及维生素等多种成分[4-6]。此外其还具有降血糖、调节免疫力、抗氧化和抗疲劳等多种药用功效[7-8]。

矿质元素是人体内必不可少的部分，有研究表明中药材功效与其所含矿质元素的种类和含量也有着密切的关系[9-10]，测定方法主要有分光光度法、原子吸收光谱法和催化极谱法等，这些方法费时耗力且灵敏度较低；……