4′—去甲基表鬼臼毒素的酶法糖基化
2017-07-13解可波陈日道张玉娇陈大伟戴均贵
解可波+陈日道+张玉娇+陈大伟+戴均贵



[摘要] 4′-去甲基表鬼臼毒素(4′-demethylepipodophyllotoxin,DMEP)的糖苷衍生物具有多种药理活性,但其化学合成面临位置及立体选择性和基团的保护与脱保护等诸多挑战。该研究从库拉索芦荟Aloe barbadensis中克隆得到1个新颖糖基转移酶(glycosyltransferase, GT)基因AbGT5,并成功进行了外源表达及蛋白纯化。重组AbGT5能够催化4′-去甲基表鬼臼毒素进行糖基化,获得的产物经MS,1H-NMR,13C-NMR,HSQC以及HMBC等波谱技术鉴定为4′-去甲基表鬼臼毒素-4′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷。酶学性质研究发现AbGT5的最适反应温度为20 ℃,最适pH 9.0,且不依赖金属离子。在最适反应条件下,4′-去甲基表鬼臼毒素的转化率可达80%。该研究表明利用新颖糖基转移酶AbGT5可实现4′-去甲基表鬼臼毒素的高效酶法糖基化,为其糖基化提供新方法。
[关键词] 糖基转移酶; 酶法糖基化; 工具酶; 4′-去甲基表鬼臼毒素; 库拉索芦荟
[Abstract] The glycosides of 4′-demethylepipodophyllotoxin (DMEP) possess various pharmacological activities; however, the chemical synthesis of these glycosides faces challenges in regioselectivity, stereoselectivity, and the protection and de-protection of functional groups. In this work, a novel glycosyltransferase (GT) gene AbGT5 from Aloe barbadensis was successfully cloned, heterogeneously expressed and purified. Recombinant AbGT5 was able to catalyze the glycosylation of DMEP and the glycosylated product, which was separated from the preparative scale reaction, was characterized as DMEP 4′-O-β-D-glucoside via MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HSQC and HMBC. According to the investigations of enzyme properties, AbGT5 show the highest activity around 20 ℃ in the buffer of pH 9.0, and it was independent of divalent metal ions. Under the optimum conditions, the conversion rate of DMEP can reach 80%. Above all, in this work the enzymatic glycosylation of DMEP was achieved with high efficiency by the novel GT AbGT5.
[Key words] glycosyltransferase; enzymatic glycosylation; tool enzyme; 4′-demethylepipodophyllotoxin; Aloe barbadensis
鬼臼毒素(podophyllotoxin)是来源于桃儿七属Sinopodophyllum、鬼臼属Dysosma及山荷叶属Diphylleia等小檗科植物的木脂素类活性天然产物,具有抗病毒、抗肿瘤等活性[1]。由于鬼臼毒素的毒副作用较大,不适于直接在临床上使用,因此,自20世纪50年代开始,医药领域的科研工作者等从鬼臼毒素出发,利用化学法进行结构修饰,获得了一系列毒副作用降低、水溶性及生物利用度等得到改善的衍生物[2]。其中4′-去甲基表鬼臼毒素(4′-demethylepipodophyllotoxin,DMEP)是由鬼臼毒素经化学半合成得到的,其糖苷类衍生物依托泊苷(etoposide,VP-16)和替尼泊苷(teniposide,VM-26)能够抑制微管蛋白的聚合作用、阻断细胞的有丝分裂和抑制DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱ的活性,是目前临床治疗淋巴癌、白血病及小细胞肺癌等肿瘤疾病的主要药物[3-5]。……
