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非道路柴油机共轨技术及电器故障案例分析

2017-07-13高彦玉杨陆强陈凯时玲赵玉清

农机使用与维修 2017年7期

高彦玉+杨陆强+陈凯+时玲+赵玉清

摘 要:随着高压共轨技术的不断完善,非道路移动机械用柴油机的性能得到较大地改进。我国根据柴油机排放污染物含量、氮氧化物等制订了相关标准,目前非道路高压共轨产品进入到第三阶段,该阶段将非道路柴油机喷油器作了特殊设计,能实现多次喷射,同时降低油耗,减少排放。叙述了高压共轨技术的组成及原理,对柴油机中比较典型的三种传感器故障案例进行了分析,并提出了部分关于共轨燃油系统的日常维护意见,为非道路移动机械驾驶员提供一些参考意见。

关键词:非道路移动机械;电控共轨;故障分析;日常维护

中图分类号:S219.031 文献标识码:A

doi:10.14031/j.cnki.njwx.2017.07.006

Analysis of common rail technology and electrical failure of non-road diesel engine

Gao Yanyu , Yang Luqiang, Chen Kai, Shi Ling, Zhao Yuqing

(School of mechanical and electrical engineering, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China)

Abstract: With the continuous improvement of the high pressure common rail technology, the performance of the diesel engine for non-road mobile machinery has been greatly improved. Our country has established the relevant standards according to the diesel engines emissions, nitrogen oxides and other pollutants content, the non-road high pressure common rail products has entered into the third stage, the stage of non-road diesel injector made a special design, can achieve multiple injection at the same time, reduce fuel consumption, reduce emissions. In this paper, the composition and principle of the high voltage common rail system are analyzed, and the three important sensors and the fault of the diesel engine are analyzed. Some suggestions about the daily maintenance of common rail fuel system are put forward in this paper.

Keywords: Non-road mobile machinery; Electric-control common rail injection; Malfunction analysis; Daily maintenance

0 引言

当今社会,道路车辆的排放污染控制效果越来越好,而非道路移动机械的排放污染物却成了环境污染的主要来源,通常所说的非道路移动机械主要有工程机械、农业机械、小型通用机械和柴油机发电机组等几种[1]。目前,柴油机是非道路移动机械的主要能源动力之一,过去,柴油机由于工作过程中振动和噪声较大,且排放气体严重污染环境,影响着人类生活,所以对其进行改善是必要的。科学技术在不断提高,人类将高压共轨技术使用于柴油机方面,高压共轨技术经过多年的发展,达到了稳定成熟阶段。该技术中由于共轨管内有稳定的高压燃油输送到喷油器,通过喷油器上的高速电磁开关阀控制喷油量[2],能使柴油机实现最好的燃烧比、雾化质量高、点火时间适当、点火能量足够、排放污染最少,较好地解决了柴油机冒黑烟、噪音大等问题[3]。……

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