胡春花 曾建华 符传良 林力

摘要 [目的]筛选适合海南种植的优质、高产、抗病性强的甜玉米新品种。[方法]引进国内外80个甜玉米新品种进行2年的品比试验和生产试验。[结果]泰鲜甜1号生育期晚于对照6 d，产量比对照高 31.30%，品质好，高抗大、小斑病和锈病；瑞珍生育期与对照相同，产量比对照高19.77%，品质好，高抗大、小斑病和锈病；夏王和金中玉生育期与对照相同，产量比对照高9.00%～13.00%，品质中至好，高抗大、小斑病；甜蜜2号、微风甜001生育期与对照相近，产量比对照高 6.00%～8.00%，品质较好，抗性较强。[结论]泰鲜甜1号、瑞珍、夏王、金中玉、甜蜜2号品种均适宜在海南种植。

关键词 鲜食甜玉米；品种比较；生产试验

中图分类号 S513 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2017）01-0020-05

Varieties Comparison and Production Experiment of Fresh Sweet Corn in Hainan

HU Chunhua， ZENG Jianhua， FU Chuanliang et al

（Institute of Agricultural Environment and Soil， Hainan Academy of Agricultural Science， Haikou， Hainan 571100）

Abstract [Objective]To select new sweet corn varieties with high quality， high yield and strong disease resistance which was suitable for planting in Hainan. [Method] 80 new varieties of sweet corn were introduced at home and abroad， and the comparative experiment and production Experiment were carried out for two years. [Result] The result showed that the growth period of Taixiantian No. 1 was 6 days later than the control varieties，yield was 31.30% higher than the control，which had the characteristic of good quality， high resistance， leaf blight and rust；The growth period of Ruizhen was 2 days later than that of the control， yield was 19.77% higher than the control，which had the characteristic of good quality， high resistance， leaf blight and rust；The growth period of Xiawang and Jinzhongyu was the same as control， yieid was 9.00%-13.00% higher than the control ，which had the characteristic of good quality， high resistance and leaf blight；The growth peiod of Tianmi No.2 and Weifengtian 001 were similar to the control， yield was 6.00%-8.00% higher than the control ，which had the characteristic of better quality and better resistance.[Conclusion] New varieties of Taixiantian No.1， Ruizhen，Xiawang， Jinzhongyu， Tianmi No.2 and Weifengtian 001 are suitable for planting in Hainan.

Key words Fresh sweet corn；Variety comparison；Production experiment

鮮食甜玉米是玉米的主要类型之一，因具有籽粒香甜、营养丰富、生长周期短、经济效益高等特点，已发展为调整农业产业结构的重要产业。海南具有独特的热带资源，鲜食甜玉米已发展为反季节种植的主要农作物。然而在市场上，因受利益驱使，种业公司卖给农民的种子大多未通过适应性试验，经常会因品种的适应性差而造成产量低下，严重影响农民的经济利益。因此，引进和筛选适合当地生态区域种植的高产、优质甜玉米新品种，对甜玉米优良品种的推广和农民增收具有重要意义。

近年来国内外各种业公司培育出许多甜玉米新品种，这些品种在丰产性、适应性、抗病性等方面存在很大差异。国内一些农业科技工作者进行了甜糯玉米新品种筛选试验，选育出了适应不同地区农艺性状、经济性状、产量、品质及抗性优的品种[1-4] 。……