叶满园 黄凯峰 宋平岗 李宋

摘 要：针对多电平逆变器SHEPWM（selected harmonic elimination pulse width modulation，SHEPWM）消谐模型的求解问题，提出一种遗传算法和模拟退火算法相融合的新型算法。该算法根据个体适应度值进行自适应交叉和变异操作，采用模拟退火算法进行个体更新，以增加种群的多样性，增强全局寻优能力，避免陷入局部最优，并以实数编码保存个体来提高计算精度。以二极管箝位三电平逆变器SHEPWM為例，给出了全调制度下的开关角度轨迹及较高调制度下的另外两组解，绘制了谐波失真含量（total harmonic distortion，THD）随调制度变化的曲线，并给出了详细的仿真结果。最后通过建立的二极管箝位三电平逆变器实验平台进行了实验证，仿真和实验结果证明了该算法的正确性和可行性。

关键词：三电平逆变器；特定谐波消除；遗传模拟退火算法；实数编码

DOI：10.15938/j.emc.2017.09.000

中图分类号：TM464） 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007 -449X（2017）09-0000-00（编辑填写）

SHEPWM control technology of real coding genetic simulated annealing algorithm

YE Man-yuan1， HUANG Kai-feng2， SONG Ping-gang1， LI Song1

（1.College of Electrical and Automation Engineering， East China Jiaotong University， Nanchang 330013，China；

2.Nanchang Railway Bureau， Nanchang 330002， China）

Abstract：In view of solving the SHEPWM harmonic elimination model，a hybrid algorithm was proposed，which was composed of genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm. According to the value of individual fitness，the adaptive crossover and mutation were performed，hen the simulated annealing algorithm was adopted to improve the individual update，thus the diversity of group was increased. The ability of global optimization was enhanced and the local optimum wasavoided，and using real coding to save the individual to improve calculation accuracy.Taking the SHEPWM in neutral pointed clamped three level inverter as an example，the trajectory of switching angles under the whole modulations and another two more set of feasible solution under high modulations were given，and a curve for the THD varies modulation was drawn.The study of simulation and experiment certificate the angles worked out by the proposed algorithm is correct and valid.

Keywords： three level inverter；selective harmonic elimination；genetic simulated annealing algorithm；real coding

0 引言

多电平逆变器由于输出容量大、开关频率低、输出波形质量好及功率因素高等优点，在中高压调速领域和交流柔性供电系统中得到了广泛的关注。SHEPWM通过对开关时刻进行优化选择，消除指定的低频次谐波，具有在同样波形质量的情况下，开关损耗小，效率高等优点，在对波形质量和效率要求较高的场合，具有明显优势[1-2]。

多电平逆变器SHEPWM控制技术的核心问题就是非线性方程组的建立和求解，关于SHEPWM非线性方程组的求解，目前常采用牛顿迭代法、同伦算法和Walsh函数等数值算法[3-10]，但是数值算法的求解对初值的选取依赖性较强，初值经常难以确定，并且初值选取不合适可能会使得算法不收敛。……