朱龙飞 朱建国 佟文明 韩雪岩

摘要：为了研究采用非晶合金材料代替硅钢片材料制作铁心后，永磁电机在负载运行时的损耗与效率的变化规律，研制了两台相同结构尺寸参数的非晶合金永磁电机和硅钢片永磁电机。利用实验方法测试了两台电机在相同运行工况下的损耗与效率特性，并借助有限元方法对两台电机不同负载率时的损耗进行了对比分析。结果显示，轻载时，非晶合金永磁电机定子铁心损耗低于硅钢片电机，效率优势明显；但随着负载率的增加，非晶合金电机定子铁心饱和严重，导致绕组磁动势波形畸变，由绕组磁动势谐波引起的损耗高于硅钢片电机，非晶合金电机效率优势随负载率的增加逐渐减小。

关键词：非晶合金；永磁电机；负载损耗；效率；负载率

DOI：10.15938/j.emc.

中图分类号：TM 351文献标志码：A文章编号：1007-449X（2017）00-0000-00

Analysis of the characteristics of power losses and efficiency of a amorphous alloy permanent magnet motor

ZHULong-fei1， ZHU Jian-guo2，TONG Wen-ming1，HAN Xue-yan1

（1.School of Electrical and Engineering， National Engineering Research Center for Rare-earth Permanent Magnetic Machines， Shenyang University of Technology， Shenyang 110870， China；

2.School of Electrical Mechanical and Mechatronic System， University of Technology Sydney， NSW 2007， Australia）

Abstract：In order to study the characteristics of power losses and efficiency of the permanent magnet motor when the silicon steel core is replaced by the amorphous alloy core， two permanent magnet motors are produced which have the same specifications. One core of the motors is made of silicon steel sheet and the other core of the motors is made of amorphous alloy material. The characteristics of power losses and efficiency of the two motors are measured at the same operating situation. Power losses are also analyzed at various load ratios by using finite element analysis. The results show that， the core loss of amorphous alloy motor is lower than that of the silicon steel motor when the load is light， and the efficiency of amorphous alloy motor is more superior than silicon steel motor. But with the increase of load ratio， the core of amorphous alloy motor is badly saturated， the waveform of MMF distorts a lot， and the losses caused by MMF harmonics are higher in amorphous alloy motor than that in the silicon steel motor， which leads to a reduction of superiority of efficiency with the increase of load ratio.

Keywords： amorphous alloy； permanent magnet motor； power losses；efficiency；load ratio

0 引言

非晶合金材料具有單片薄（单片厚度仅为0.03mm）、电阻率大（约为传统35W270冷轧硅钢片的3倍）等优点，其涡流损耗远远低于传统硅钢片材料，利用非晶合金材料代替硅钢片材料制造电机铁心可有效降低电机的铁心损耗[1-4]。近些年，国内外学者制造了多种结构形式的非晶合金电机[5-10]，并对电机的性能进行了分析。但大多数文献只着眼于非晶合金替代硅钢片后电机空载铁心损耗的降低幅度，对替代后电机在负载运行时其它损耗变化的分析较少。文献[11]对比分析了两台相同结构尺寸参数的非晶合金永磁电机和硅钢片永磁电机冷态空载运行时的损耗。……