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卡托普利降低脑梗死复发危险因素的研究

2017-07-05成卓霖

中国医药科学 2017年7期
关键词:危险因素高血压

成卓霖

[摘要] 目的 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂卡托普利降低脑卒中复发危险因素的研究。 方法 选择2012年10月~2014年10月我院就诊的老年卒中患者160例,随机分为在抗血小板聚集、他汀的基础上加用卡托普利组80例为观察组,仅使用抗血小板聚集、他汀药物80例为对照组,对比治疗前、治疗1、6及24个月时两组患者的实验室指标。24个月时统计两组缺血卒中的复发和病死情况,以CT、 MRI平扫出现新的缺血梗塞灶为准。 结果 观察组患者的收缩期血压、舒张期血壓、血清甘油三脂测定、低密度脂蛋白、胆固醇测定均显著低于对照组(P<0.01);观察组的复发率和病死率明显较对照组低(P<0.05)。 结论 卡托普利对缺血性脑卒中二级预防有效、能降低脑卒中患者复发率。

[关键词] 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂; 缺血性脑卒中; 复发; 危险因素;高血压;高脂血症

[中图分类号] R743.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616(2017)07-253-04

Study on risk factors of cutting down relapse of cerebral arterial thrombosis in the elderly with captopril

CHENG Zhuolin

Department of Geriatrics, Qingyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingyuan 511500, China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of captopril cutting down the relapse of cerebral arterial thrombosis. Methods 160 cases of elderly stroke patients cured in our hospital from October 2012 to October 2014 were selected and randomly divided into observation group ( treated with captopril adding platelet aggregation and statin, 80 cases) and control group (only use of platelet aggregation and statin, 80 cases). Different indexes of laboratory in the times of pretherapy, the first month, the sixth month and the twenty-fourth month were compared between the two groups. In the twenty-fourth month, the recurrence and mortality of the two groups were computed, with subject to CT or MRI plain scan appearing new ischemic infarction. Results The indexes of Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, serum triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and cholesterol in the observation group were much lower than those in control group (P<0.01). The relapse rate and fatality rate of the observation group were obviously lower than those of control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Captopril can effectively carry out secondary prevention of cerebral arterial thrombosis, and cut down the relapse rate of stroke patients.

[Key words] Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; Cerebral arterial thrombosis; Relapse; Risk factors;Hypertension; Hyperlipidemia

脑梗死又称缺血性脑卒中,是指各种原因引起的脑部血液供应障碍,使局部脑组织发生不可逆性损害,导致脑组织缺血、缺氧性坏死或脑软化[1]。由于脑血管病的发病率、致残率及死亡率均较高,而且脑血管病是多种因素综合作用的结果,其中最重要的是高血压、动脉粥样硬化[2]。高血压是脑血管病最重要的危险因素,据统计,70%~80%的脑梗死患者都有高血压史[3]。高血压可引起小血管痉挛,使动脉管壁腔的比值增大及减少官腔的内径,如果长期不把血压控制好将会加剧动脉粥样硬化的发生率,也会相应地增加缺血性脑卒中发生的风险[4]。关于缺血性脑卒中的复发率,国外Goldstein报道,90d的复发率为4.4%。国内报道其42d总复发率为4.3%[5]。本文通过研究脑卒中患者在抗血小板聚集、他汀稳定斑块的基础上加用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂卡托普利,以降低缺血性脑卒中患者的复发危险因素。……

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