杨明明+李婷婷+葛玲

【摘要】 目的：探讨自信心团体训练对大学生抑郁情绪和应对方式的干预效果。方法：选取山西省高校70名抑郁情绪的学生，按照随机数字表法分为试验组和控制组，各35例。试验组进行自信心团体训练，控制组不进行处理。在干预前、干预后1周和干预后3个月对每组和控制组施测自评抑郁量表（SDS）和简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）。结果：干预前两组SDS得分和SCSQ各维度得分比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。干预后1周以及干预后3个月，试验组SDS得分均显著低于控制组（t=-6.246、-4.861，P<0.001），消极应对得分均显著低于控制组（t=-3.084、-2.707，P<0.05），积极应对得分均显著高于控制组（t=3.839、3.196，P<0.05）。结论：自信心团体训练能够改善大学生抑郁情绪，减少消极应对，提高积极应对。

【关键词】 大学生； 抑郁； 应对方式； 自信心团体训练

【Abstract】 Objective：To explore the effect of self-confidence training on depressive mood and coping styles of college students.Method：A total of 70 college students with depressive mood were recruited for the study and were divided into experimental group and control group according to random number table method，35 cases in each group.The experimental group was taken with self-confidence training and the control group did not received any training.Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS） and Simple Coping Style Questionnaire（SCSQ） were tested before and after the training 1 week and 3 months to validate the effect of self-confidence training on depressive mood of college students.Result：There was no significant differences in the scores of SDS and SCSQ before intervention （P>0.05）.After the intervention 1 week and 3 months，SDS scores of experimental group were statistically significant lower than control group（t=-6.246，-4.861；P<0.001）；maladaptive coping of experimental group were statistically significant lower than control group（t=-3.084，-2.707；P<0.05）；adaptive coping of experimental group were statistically significant higher than control group（t=3.839，3.196；P<0.05）.Conclusion：Self-confidence training can reduce depressive mood and maladaptive coping，and enhance adaptive coping.

【Key words】 College students； Depressive mood； Coping style； Self-confidence training

First-authors address：Shanxi Medical University，Taiyuan 030001，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.13.035

隨着经济的不断发展，抑郁症越来越成为影响人类健康的一大杀手。2000年的全球疾病负担报告表明抑郁症是全球第四大疾病负担，预计到2020年，抑郁症将成为仅次于冠心病的全球第二大疾病负担源，影响全球5%～10%的人口[1]。据不完全数据统计：全球精神焦虑抑郁人数高达3.38亿，且人数变化呈上升趋势[2]。大学生抑郁的发生率要高于一般人群，我国大学生抑郁情绪的合并发生率为29.3%，而一般人群仅为5%～6%[3]。抑郁情绪会对大学生的学习成绩、社会功能造成影响，长期持续可能导致抑郁症。自信是个体对自己的积极肯定和确认程度，是对自身能力、价值等作出客观、正向认知与评价的一种稳定性格特征[4]。自信与抑郁有着密切的联系，大学生抑郁情绪与个人评价呈显著负相关。无论应激事件多少，高个人评价的个体比低个人评价的个体更少产生抑郁情绪，并且高应激状态下有自信的人比低应激状态下无自信的人抑郁情绪体验较少，这说明自信在抑郁情绪产生中发挥着重要的调节作用[5]，国外研究也表明低自尊是抑郁的致病因素[6-7]。应……