周玮+黄玛莎+雷昌+沈芹芹+夏新华

摘要：目的 探索丹参水提物浸膏的吸湿性及其相关成分。方法 分别对丹参水提物及其大孔树脂吸附分离的水、醇洗脱部位浸膏的吸湿性进行测定，并对其所含低分子糖类（单糖-低聚糖）、多糖、蛋白质、氨基酸、鞣质及丹酚酸B等进行分析。结果 采用D101型大孔树脂分离纯化后，丹参水提物的水洗脱部位吸湿性增强，糖类、蛋白质等亲水性物质含量明显增加，丹酚酸含量降低至1.76 mg/g；醇洗脱部位的吸湿性及亲水性物质的含量明显降低，丹酚酸B含量增至146.57 mg/g。结论 丹参水提物浸膏的吸湿性与其所含低分子糖类等亲水性强的成分密切相关。D101型大孔树脂分离纯化丹参水提物不但可有效富集其所含酚酸类有效成分，而且可大幅降低浸膏得率与浸膏的吸湿性。

关键词：丹参水提物；吸湿性；糖类；大孔树脂；丹酚酸B

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2017.06.020

中图分类号：R284.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-5304（2017）06-0079-04

Abstract： Objective To explore the moisture absorption and related components of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Methods The hygroscopicity of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and its water and alcohol elution parts separated by macroporous resin was measured， and the contained low molecular sugars （monosaccharides， oligosaccharide）， polysaccharide， protein， amino acid， tannins and salvianolic acid B， etc. were analyzed. Results D101 macroporous resin was used for separation and purification of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The hygroscopicity of water elution parts was enhanced； carbohydrate， protein and other hydrophilic substances content increased； the content of salvianolic acid B was reduced to 1.76 mg/g. While the hygroscopicity and hydrophilic substances of alcohol elution parts were greatly reduced； the content of salvianolic acid B increased to 146.57 mg/g. Conclusion The hygroscopicity of aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizomais closely related to the contained strong hydrophilic components， such as low molecular sugars， etc. Using D101 macroporous resin to purify aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma can not only effectively gather the contain phenolic acids active ingredients， but also sharply decrease the extract yield and extract moisture absorption.

Key words： aqueous extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma； hygroscopicity； saccharides； macroporous resin； salvianolic acid B

丹參为唇形科鼠尾草属植物丹参Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.的干燥根和根茎，用于胸痹心痛、心烦不眠、月经不调等病症。丹参中含有酚酸类水溶性有效成分，其中丹酚酸B为其主要成分，具有抗动脉粥样硬化的作用[1]。目前临床与中药生产中多以水为溶剂对中药进行提取，然而水提物中通常含有较多亲水性强的成

分，导致中药浸膏吸湿而影响中药制剂的制备与质量。为探索中药浸膏吸湿性的物质基础并寻找解决该问题的方法，本研究以丹参水提物为对象，采用D101型大孔树脂对其进行分离纯化获得水洗脱部位与80%乙醇洗脱部位[2]，然后分别对丹参水提物及其不同洗脱部位浸膏的吸湿性与相关成分（包括单糖-低聚糖、多糖、鞣质、丹酚酸B等）进行研究。……