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响应面法优化超声波辅助提取薏苡仁低聚糖工艺的研究

2017-05-30薛雅茹操然卢旭张怡

热带作物学报 2017年3期

薛雅茹 操然 卢旭 张怡

摘 要 采用响应面法优化超声波辅助提取薏苡仁低聚糖的工艺条件。在单因素试验基础上,选取液料比、超声波时间以及超声波功率3个因素结合Box-Behnken试验建立数学模型,分析考察3个因素对薏苡仁低聚糖响应值的影响程度,优化工艺参数。各因素对薏苡仁低聚糖提取率影响程度从大到小顺序依次为:超声波功率>超声波时间>液料比。响应面设计法优化出其最佳超声波提取条件为:超声波温度70 ℃,液料比33 ∶ 1(mL/g),超声波时间27 min,超声波功率450 W。在该条件下,薏苡仁低聚糖提取率为0.94%,与模型预测值0.98%接近。说明使用响应面法优化超声波辅助提取薏苡仁低聚糖的工艺条件是可行的。

关键词 薏苡仁;低聚糖;超声波提取;响应面法

中图分类号 TS201.4 文献标识码 A

Abstract Response surface analysis methodology(RSM)was applied in this paper to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction(UAE)of oligosaccharides from Coix seed(CSO). On the basis of single factor experiment, liquid-solid ratio, ultrasonic temperature, ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power were chosen as the random factors. Established the mathematical model by Box-Behnken test and then analyzed the impact degree of the three technological parameters on the response of CSO to optimized the processing parameters. The result showed that the order of parameters on the yield of CSO was as follows: ultrasonic power > extraction time > liquid-solid ratio. The optimal technical condition for CSO: ultrasonic temperature was 70 ℃, liquid-solid ratio was 33 ∶ 1 mL/g, ultrasonic time was 27 min and ultrasonic power was 450 W. Under this condition the extraction rate was 0.94%, which is close to the predicted value of 0.98%. It indicated that using the response surface methodology to optimize the yield of CSO is reasonable.

Key words coix seed; oligosaccharides; ultrasonic-assisted extraction; response surface methodology

doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2017.03.028

薏苡仁[(Coix Seed, Coix lachryma-jobi(L) var. frumentacea Makino)],別名薏米、药玉米、珍珠米等,为一年或多年生草本禾本科植物薏苡(Coix lacryma-jobi L.)的干燥成熟种仁。全国大部分地区均有种植,以福建、河北、辽宁等地产量较高[1],被冠以“世界禾本科植物之王”的称号[2],具有抗肿瘤[3-4]、提高机体免疫力[5]、降血糖[6]、消炎镇痛[7]、调节血脂代谢[8]、抑制骨质疏松[9]等作用,被我国卫生部列入既是食品又是药品的名单中[10]。

低聚糖(Oligosaccharides)又叫寡糖,是由单糖分子以糖苷键形式连接而成的聚合度为2~10的低度聚合糖[11]。低聚糖可以分为两类,一类是普通性低聚糖,主要作用是提供人体活动所需的能量和赋予食品怡人的甜味[12]。另一类是功能性低聚糖,可直接代替蔗糖,但不被人体胃酸、胃酶降解,不被小肠吸收,直接到达大肠,具有促进双歧杆菌增殖等生理特性[13]。经过动物……

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