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施肥对火力楠苗木生长和生理特性的影响

2017-05-30银彬吾汤雷吼李小敏韦添露欧军侯敏

安徽农业科学 2017年8期
关键词:生长

银彬吾 汤雷吼 李小敏 韦添露 欧军 侯敏

摘要[目的]了解最适宜火力楠苗木生长的氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)肥料配比,为火力楠壮苗培育提供技术指导。[方法]选取当年生火力楠实生苗作为试验材料,研究不同N、P、K施肥配比处理火力楠苗木生理指标(细胞膜透性、丙二醛、叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质含量)和生长指标(苗高、地径)的变化规律。[结果]以N 470 mg/株、P 46 mg/株、K 306 mg/株处理对火力楠苗高、地径促进作用最显著;电导率则以N 705 mg/株、P 23 mg/株、K 102 mg/株处理最优;可溶性蛋白含量以N 705 mg/株、P 69 mg/株、K 204 mg/株和N 705 mg/株、P 46 mg/株、K 102 mg/株处理最高,N 235 mg/株、P 69 mg/株、K 306 mg/株处理最低;叶绿素含量以N 235 mg/株、P 23 mg/株、K 102 mg/株,N 235 mg/株、P 46 mg/株、K 204 mg/株,N 235 mg/株、P 69 mg/株、K 306 mg/株,N 470 mg/株、P 23 mg/株、K 204 mg/株处理效果最好,而N 705 mg/株、P 23 mg/株、K 306 mg/株,N 705 mg/株、P 46 mg/株、K 102 mg/株,N 705 mg/株、P 69 mg/株、K 204 mg/株处理效果相对较差。[结论]该研究结果可用于指导火力楠苗木培育、矮化等工作。

关键词火力楠;施肥;生长;生理特性

中图分类号S718.4文献标识码

A文章编号0517-6611(2017)08-0177-03

Effect of Fertilizing on the Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Michelia macclurei Seedlings

YIN Binwu,TANG Leihou,LI Xiaomin et al(The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Paiyangshan Forest Farm,Ningming,Guangxi 532500)

Abstract[Objective] In order to understand the optimum ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus and kalium on seedling growth of Michelia macclurei,for seedling cultivation technical guidance.[Method]Using current year seedlings of Michelia macclurei as experimental material,the variation of seedlings in physiological indicators (cell membrane permeability,MDA,chlorophyll,soluble protein content) and growth index (height,ground diameter) under different fertilizing treatments were studied.[Result] Effect of treatment of N 470 mg/plant,P 46 mg/plant,K 306 mg/plant on seedling height and ground diameter at the most significant,conductivity of treatment of N 705 mg/plant,P 23 mg/plant,K 102 mg/plant was the best.The soluble protein content of treatment of N 705 mg/plant,P 69 mg/plant,K 204 mg/plant and N 705 mg/plant,P 46 mg/plant,K 102 mg/plant were the highest,and the treatment of N 235 mg/plant,P 69 mg/plant,K 306 mg/plant was the lowest.Chlorophyll content of treatment of N 235 mg/plant,P 23 mg/plant,K 102 mg/plant,N 235 mg/plant,P 46 mg/plant,K 204 mg/plant,N 235 mg/plant,P 69 mg/plant,K 306,N 470 mg/plant,P 23 mg/plant,K 204 mg/plant work best,but of treatment of N 705 mg/plant,P 23 mg/plant,K 306 mg/plant,N 705 mg/plant,P 46 mg/plant,K 102 mg/plant,N 705 mg/plant,P 69 mg/plant,K 204 mg/plant were relatively poor.[Conclusion]The study can be used to guide the seedlings cultivation and dwarfing of Michelia macclurei.

Key wordsMichelia macclurei;Fertilization;Growth;Physiological characteristic

火力楠(Michelia macclurei)又名醉香含笑,属木兰科(Magnoliaceae)含笑属(Michelia)常绿乔木,由于其树干通直、木材结构细、纹理直、切面光滑美观、易干燥、少开裂等特点,是优良的用材树种,广泛应用于建筑、家居等行业。火力楠原产我国南亚热带季雨林区,现主要以残留的野生状态分布于我国云南东南部、贵州东南部、湖北西部、湖南南部、广西南部和广东等地[1]。目前国内对火力楠的研究大多以树种结构、育苗技术和林地施肥等内容为主[2-6],关于施肥对其苗期生长和生理指标影响方面的报道较少。从植物本身来说,在苗期供给充足的营养物质,对其生长发育都会产生良好的效果。苗期形态指标可预测苗木的活力状况和造林后的生长表现[7-8]。……

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