野生葛氏鲈塘鳢营养成分及能量密度的季节变化
2017-05-30李畅陈紫琪卢荆澳黄璞祎柴龙会朱倩
李畅 陈紫琪 卢荆澳 黄璞祎 柴龙会 朱倩
摘要[目的]研究野生葛氏鲈塘鳢(Perccottus glenii)鱼体的营养成分及能量密度的季节变化规律。[方法] 2013年10月至2014年9月逐月采集松花江哈尔滨段野生葛氏鲈塘鳢50尾,通过营养学分析方法测定了鱼体的营养成分和能量密度的变化。[结果]野生葛氏鲈塘鳢的水分含量为76.95%~80.63%,灰分含量为1.51%~1.97%,粗脂肪含量为2.00%~2.57%,粗蛋白含量为13.37%~16.62%,能量密度为19.66~21.60 kJ/g。冬季葛氏鲈塘鳢的粗蛋白含量显著低于春季和夏季(P<0.05),而水分、灰分和粗脂肪含量没有显著的季节变化(P>0.05)。能量密度在冬季最低,夏季最高(P<0.05)。[结论]冬季野生葛氏鲈塘鳢的粗蛋白含量和能量密度最低,可能与其越冬期间大量消耗蛋白质和能量有关。
关键词葛氏鲈塘鳢;营养成分;能量密度;季节变化
中图分类号S965.1文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2017)08-0117-02
Seasonal Changes of Nutritional Components and Energy Density of Wild Perccottus glenii
LI Chang,CHEN Ziqi,LU Jingao,HUANG Puyi* et al(College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040)
Abstract[Objective] To study the seasonal changes of nutritional components and energy density of wild Perccottus glenii.[Method] 50 heads of wild P.glenii were collected from Songhua River in Harbin from October of 2013 to September of 2014.The nutritional components and energy density changes of wild P.glenii were determined by nutritional analysis method.[Result] The water content in wild P.glenii was 76.95%-80.63%.The crude ash content in wild P.glenii was 1.51%-1.97%.The crude fat content in wild P.glenii was 2.00%-2.57%. The crude protein content in wild P.glenii was 13.37%-16.62%.The energy density in wild P.glenii was 19.66-21.60 kJ/g.The crude protein content in winter was significantly lower than that in spring and summer(P<0.05).There was no significant difference of water content,crude ash content and crude fat content(P>0.05).The energy density in winter was the lowest,and that in summer was the highest (P<0.05).[Conclusion] The crude content and energy density in wild P.glenii in winter were both the lowest,which might be caused by more protein and energy density of wild P.glenii in overwintering period.
Key wordsPerccottus glenii;Nutritional components;Energy density;Seasonal changes
葛氏鱸塘鳢(Perccottus glenii)隶属鲈形目(Perciformes)虾虎鱼亚目(Gobioidei)塘鳢科(Eleotridae),为小型淡水鱼类,主要分布于黑龙江、图们江和辽河等流域。目前,关于葛氏鲈塘鳢的报道大多集中于养殖技术和环境毒理方面[1-2],然而关于葛氏鲈塘鳢营养成分及能量密度季节性变化的研究鲜见报道。笔者对葛氏鲈塘鳢营养成分及能量密度的季节性变化进行了研究,以期为合理利用葛氏鲈塘鳢资源与进一步开展葛氏鲈塘鳢的研究提供基础生物学资料。
1材料与方法
1.1试验材料
试验所用葛氏鲈塘鳢采自哈尔滨民主湿地,用定置地笼网所捕获。葛氏鲈塘鳢样本的采集时间为2013年10月至2014年9月,具体采样日期、水温和生物学数据见表1。将采集的葛氏鲈塘鳢样本清理干净后,立刻运回实验室于-20 ℃下保存。
1.2样品处理
选择保存完整的葛氏鲈塘鳢,在烘箱(65 ℃)内加热并干燥,逐条剪碎、研磨,烘干至恒重,获得干重。……
