文贵娟

【摘要】 目的 分析子宫畸形妊娠分娩期并发症出现的原因以及护理对策。方法 86例子宫畸形产妇作为观察组， 86例正常子宫产妇作为对照组， 两组产妇均给予个体化护理服务， 比较两组产妇的分娩方式、分娩期并发症发生率。结果 观察组产妇的顺产率为39.53%， 显著低于对照组的67.44%， 差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组产妇的阴道助产率和剖宫产率分别为22.09%、38.37%， 高于对照组的9.30%、23.26%， 差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组产妇胎膜早破、产后出血、产程延长和胎位异常发生率分别为33.72%、31.40%、37.21%、39.53%， 均高于对照组的4.65%、5.81%、11.63%、9.30%， 差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 子宫畸形产妇在妊娠分娩期并发症发生率较高， 临床上应加强对分娩期的护理观察， 及时发现子宫畸形， 并及早采取有效的护理干预措施， 改善母婴结局。

【关键词】 子宫畸形；妊娠分娩；并发症；个体化护理

DOI：10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2016.34.065

Research of complications of uterine malformation during pregnancy and delivery and analysis of nursing effect WEN Gui-juan. Ward of Infant Nursing， Shenzhen City Baoan District Fuyong Peoples Hospital， Shenzhen 518103， China

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze causes of uterine malformation during pregnancy and delivery and nursing countermeasures. Methods There were 86 puerpera with uterine malformation as observation group and 86 puerpera with normal uterus as control group. Both groups received individualized nursing. Comparison was made on delivery ways and incidence of complications in delivery period between the two groups. Results The observation group had obviously lower eutocia rate as 39.53% than 67.44% in the control group， and the difference had statistical significance （P<0.05）. The observation group had vaginal instrumental delivery rate and cesarean section rate respectively as 22.09% and 38.37%， which were higher than 9.30% and 23.26% in the control group， and the difference had statistical significance （P<0.05）. The observation group had incidences of premature rupture of membranes， postpartum hemorrhage， prolonged labor， and abnormal fetal position respectively as 33.72%， 31.40%， 37.21% and 39.53%， which were all higher than 4.65%， 5.81%， 11.63% and 9.30% in the control group， and the difference had statistical significance （P<0.05）. Conclusion Incidence of complications is high in puerpera with uterine malformation during pregnancy and delivery. Clinical enhancement of nursing and observation in delivery period can timely discover uterine malformation and provide early and effective nursing intervention measures， so as to improve maternal and infant outcome.

【Key words】 Uterine malformation； Pregnancy and delivery； Complications； Individualized nursing

子宮畸形也就是指女性生殖器的先天性畸形发育病症， 此类女性在怀孕后期容易出现胎位异常、胎膜早破等并发症[1， 2]， 容易出现子宫收缩乏力、胎儿宫内窘迫等， 严重威胁到母婴健康[3]。因此， 临床上必须重视对子宫畸形产妇的病情监测， 加强临床护理服务， 改善母婴结局。目前多数医院还未就子宫畸形妊娠分娩期护理服务形成完整、系统的模式、流程等， 本院对其采用个体化护理， 现报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1. 1 一般资料 从本院产科2014年1月～2016年1月收治的子宫畸形产妇中随机抽取出86例作为观察组， 并选取同期来本院分娩的正常子宫产妇86例作为对照组。观察组中产妇年龄21～35岁， 平均年龄（28.7±3.2）岁；其中初产妇67例， 经产妇19例。对照组中产妇年龄23～34岁， 平均年龄（27.9±3.4）岁；其中初产妇64例， 经产妇22例。两组产妇一般资料比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）， 具有可比性。

1. 2 方法 两组产妇均给予个体化护理服务， 具体内容如下。①心理护理。两组产妇在入院接受常规检查后观察其心理状态， 从而给予针对性的个体化护理。如：对于观察组产妇……