苏宏莉

【摘要】 目的 探讨脑血栓发病初期进行动脉溶栓的护理措施。方法 84例脑血栓患者， 均进行动脉溶栓治疗， 给予患者术前、术中、术后细致周到的护理， 对患者的溶栓效果及护理满意度进行评价。结果 84例患者， 经动脉溶栓治疗， 74例瘫痪肢体肌力恢复到Ⅳ级以上， 10例恢复不明显；23例失语患者明显恢复， 2例失语患者恢复不明显；12例意识障碍患者神志转清， 1例意识障碍患者无明显变化。1例出现脑梗死部位少量出血， 2周后CT检查证实全部吸收， 1例出现胃肠道出血， 经及时处理出血停止。患者未出现严重并发症， 经精心治疗与护理， 病情平稳后出院。出院前填写护理满意度调查表， 78例患者非常满意， 5例患者满意， 1例患者一般， 护理满意度为98.8%。结论 对于急性脑血栓患者早期行动脉溶栓治疗， 采用优质护理措施可提高治疗效果及患者满意度， 促进患者早日康复。

【关键词】 动脉溶栓；脑血栓；护理分析

DOI：10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2016.34.062

Nursing analysis on intra-arterial thrombolysis in treating 84 cases of cerebral thrombosis SU Hong-li. Liaoning Province Fushun City Third Hospital， Fushun 113004，China

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the nursing measures for intra-arterial thrombolysis in early stage of cerebral thrombosis. Methods A total of 84 cases of cerebral thrombosis received intra-arterial thrombolysis， and careful nursing in preoperation， intraoperation and postoperation. Evaluation were made on thrombosis effect and nursing satisfaction. Results There were 84 cases of paralytic limbs muscle strength recovered to grade Ⅳ above after cerebral thrombosis treatment in 84 patients， and 10 cases showed no obvious revcovery in 23 cases of aphasia had clear recovery， and 2 cases showed no obvious recovery； 12 cases of unconsciousness turn conscious， and 1 case showed no change； 1 case had little bleeding on cerebral infarction area， and proved all absorption by CT in 2 weeks. 1 case had gastrointestinal bleeding， and it stopped after real-time processing. No cases had serious complications， and all discharged after careful treatment and nursing. Nursing satisfaction questionnaire made before discharge showed 78 great satisfaction cases， 5 satisfaction cases and 1 general satisfaction case， with nursing satisfaction degree as 98.8%. Conclusion Implement of early intra-arterial thrombolysis for acute cerebral thrombosis， accompanied by high quality nursing measures can improve therapeutic effect，satisfaction degree of patients， and promote patients recovery.

【Key words】 Intra-arterial thrombolysis； Cerebral thrombosis； Nursing analysis

腦血栓形成是在脑动脉粥样硬化等动脉壁病变的基础上， 脑动脉主干或分支管腔狭窄， 闭塞或形成血栓， 造成该动脉供血区局部脑组织血流中断而发生缺血， 缺氧性坏死， 引起偏瘫， 失语等相应的神经症状和体征[1-3]。脑血栓是临床最常见的脑血管疾病， 是脑梗死最常见临床类型。随着我国社会人口老龄化日益明显， 脑血栓的发病率也呈逐年上升驱势， 对于早期脑血栓患者， 及时的溶栓治疗， 可以使堵塞的血管再通， 及时恢复血流和改善组织代谢， 消除血栓引发的各种症状[4]。……