邬亚红+陈文宇+水小芳+徐龙生

[摘要] 目的 分析探討在肺癌疼痛患者护理中自我效能感的应用及效果。 方法 选取我院2016年1月～2016年12月胸外科44例肺癌疼痛住院患者，根据随机数字表法将患者分为两组，其中研究组22例，对照组22例。两组患者均接受常规治疗，对照组实施常规护理和癌痛护理，研究组在对照组的基础上增加自我效能干预，干预15 d后对比观察两组患者入院时与干预后的GSES自我效能感与QOL生活质量。 结果 入院时研究组与对照组患者的自我效能感评分相当，无显著性差异（P>0.05）；经护理干预后，两组患者的自我效能感都得到提高，研究组与对照组分别上升至（35.93±5.66）分和（30.17±5.74）分，研究组自我效能感显著优于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组自我效能感等级显著优于对照组（χ2=4.250，P<0.05）。研究组患者的生活质量优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 肺癌疼痛患者护理过程中，通过实施自我效能干预可显著提高患者的自我效能感与生活质量，自我效能理论可作为癌痛患者护理的理论依据，有显著的临床指导价值，提高护理质量，促进患者的康复。

[关键词] 肺癌；疼痛护理；自我效能感；生活质量

[中图分类号] R473.3 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2017）08-0149-04

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application and effect of self-efficacy in the nursing of patients with lung cancer pain. Methods 44 patients with lung cancer pain who were hospitalized in the Department of Thoracic Surgery in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2016 were selected as the study subjects. According to the random number table method， the patients were divided into the study group（22 cases） and the control group（22 cases）. Both groups were given routine treatment. The control group was given routine nursing care and cancer pain nursing care， and the study group was further given self-efficacy intervention on the basis of the control group. 15 days after intervention， the GSES self-efficacy and QOL quality of life were compared and observed between the two groups at admission and after intervention. Results There was no significant difference in the self-efficacy score between the study group and the control group（P>0.05）； after nursing intervention， the self-efficacy of the two groups have been improved. The scores were increased to （35.93±5.66） and （30.17±5.74） in the study group and the control group respectively. According to the comparison， the self-efficacy in the study group was significantly better than that in the control group after intervention （P<0.05）. The level of self-efficacy was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group（χ2=4.250， P<0.05）. The quality of life of the two groups was compared after the intervention， and all indices of the quality of life in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The self-efficacy intervention can significantly improve the self-efficacy and quality of life of patients during the course of nursing of the patients with lung cancer pain. Self-efficacy theory can be used as a theoretical basis for cancer patients with pain， with a significant clinical guidance value， which can improve the quality of nursing care， and promote the recovery of patients.

[Key words] Lung cancer； Pain nursing； Self-efficacy； Quality of life

疼痛是晚期癌症患者的一种最为常见和难以忍受的症状，对患者的生活质量有着严重的影响。当前，肺癌疼痛治疗已经成为了肿瘤综合防治的四个重点内容之一[1]，通过对癌症疼痛的三阶梯治疗，癌症患者疼痛症状得到了一定程度的缓解，但是在癌症的治疗中存在着诸多的误解、偏见，因此癌痛治疗中患者有着很多的顾虑，影响生活质量[2]。对患者的心理和生理健康给予更多的关注，在护理工作中，提高患者的生活质量是一项重要的目标，对于癌痛患者的心理状态进行改善，改善患者的行为，提高患者的自我效能感，不断提高患者的自我管理能力是非常重要的[3]。基……