赵书凡++朱科学++朱红英++贺书珍++谭乐和

摘 要 為了研究苦丁茶冬青多糖醇沉规律及产物理化性质。通过热水浸提和不同浓度乙醇分级沉淀，得到乙醇终浓度为20%、40%、60%和80%的4种苦丁茶冬青多糖组分，即ICP-1、ICP-2、ICP-3和ICP-4。比色法检测各多糖组分总糖、糖醛酸、蛋白质和总酚含量；高效凝胶渗透色谱法进行相对分子质量的测定；紫外和红外光谱扫描考察各组分的光谱性质。结果表明：ICP-1、ICP-2、ICP-3和ICP-4总糖含量分别为19.21%、34.91%、37.70%和30.21%，糖醛酸含量分别为5.04%、44.90%、24.20%和5.84%；凝胶渗透色谱图表明：ICP-2和ICP-3为高纯度均一组分，分子量为440.440与348.279 ku；4种多糖组分在280 nm处均有吸收峰，说明均为糖蛋白质化合物。红外结果显示，各组分均为吡喃糖环构型。以上结果表明，乙醇分级沉淀的方法可用于分级纯化制备组分均一、纯度较高的苦丁茶冬青多糖组分。

关键词 苦丁茶冬青 ；多糖 ；理化性质 ；光谱性质

中图分类号 TS272 文献标识码 A Doi：10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2017.04.018

Ethanol Fractionation and Physico-chemical Properties of Soluble

Polysaccharides from Ilex kudingcha C.J. Tseng

ZHAO Shufan1，2） ZHU Kexue2，3） ZHU Hongying2，3） HE Shuzhen2，3） TAN Lehe3）

（1 College of Food Science and Technology of Huazhong Agricultural University，

Wuhan， Hubei 430070；

2 Spice and Beverage Research Institute， CATAS， Wanning， Hainan 571533；

3 Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops，

Wanning， Hainan 571533）

Abstract Ilex kudingcha C.J. Tseng was extracted with hot water and then fractionated with ethanol to produce different concentrations of water-soluble polysaccharides， and the physico-chemical properties of these polysaccharides was analyzed. The polysaccharides were fractionated and purified into fractions with concentrations of 20%， 40%， 60% and 80%， and were named ICP-1， ICP-2， ICP-3 and ICP-4， respectively. The polysaccharides were detected by using colometrics in terms of total sugar， protein， alduronic acid and total phenol； their molecular weight （Mw） was determined by using high performance gel permeation chromatography， and their spectroscopic properties by using UV and IR spectra analysis. The polysaccharides fractions ICP-1， ICP-2， ICP-3 and ICP-4 were detected to contain 19.21%， 34.91%， 37.70% and 30.21% of total sugar， respectively， and their alduronic acid contents were 5.04%， 44.90%， 24.20% and 5.84%， respectively. The gel permeation chromatograph showed that ICP-2 and ICP-3 were of high and uniform purity， their Mw being estimated about 440.440 and 348.279 ku. The UV spectra showed that these four fractions all had a characteristic absorption peak at near 280 nm. The IR spectrum indicated that all the fractions had a structure of pyranose ring. These results showed that this extraction and fractionation method can be used to produce uniformly pure water-soluble polysaccharides with higher concentrations from I. kudingcha C.J. Tseng.

Keywords Ilex kudingcha C.J.Tseng ； polysaccharides ； physicochemical properties ； spectroscopic properties

苦丁茶具有极高的药用和保健价值，在中国消费历史已超过2 000多年[1]，至少涉及12个科30多个不同品种[2-3]，市面上常见的苦丁茶种类以木犀科为代表的小叶苦丁茶及冬青科为代表的大叶苦丁茶为主[4]。苦丁茶富含多酚、黄酮、三萜类、皂苷和多糖等生理活性物质，具有抗氧化、抗衰老、降血脂、降血压和抑菌等多种生理功效[5]。

天然产物多糖广泛存在于自然界中，已有研究结果发现，香菇多糖、灵芝多糖、车前子多糖等生物活性多糖具有免疫调节、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗炎症等活性[6-8]。苦丁茶作为中国传统的药食植物资源，其中含有丰富的多糖类化合物。……