画坛五百年
——兼论“明四家”
2017-04-13
古今吴门画作跨越时空对话——由中国美术馆、江苏省委宣传部、江苏省文联、苏州市人民政府主办的“回眸600年——从明四家到当代吴门”绘画特展于11月30日至12月10日在中国美术馆举办。展览展出中国画、油画、版画、水彩画等作品164幅,展现了“明四家”为代表的吴门画派的艺术风华。本刊刊发故宫博物院研究员单国强的文章,以展现吴地艺术“兼容并蓄、多方融合、含蓄蕴藉、以道统艺”的特征。
Initiated as a cross-time dialogue between the ancient and the present paintings of the Wu School, "Looking back 600 Years---From Four Great Painters of Ming Dynasty to the Present Wu School special painting exhibition hosted by National Art Museum of China, Publicity Department of Provincial Government of Jiangsu, Federation of Literature & Art of Jiangsu, Government of Suzhou City has been held at NAMOC from 30, November to 10, December. The exhibition displays 164 artworks, including the Chinese painting, oil painting,engraving, watercolor painting etc., demonstrating the artistic style of the Wu School represented by the Four Great Painters of Ming Dynasty. This article by SHAN Guoqiang, a researcher of the Palace Museum, is committed to showing such artistic characteristics as comprehensive inclusiveness,diversified combination, refined implication and aesthetic tradition in the art works of the region.
苏州是座举世闻名的历史文化古城,自春秋吴国建城以来,距今已有2500多年,文化积淀也十分丰厚。近500年的明清时期,苏州更成为全国农渔业、工商业经济的重心和文化艺术中心,其文化艺术昌盛的主要特色是综合实力强,门类齐全,发展持续。最盛名遐迩的,苏州是工艺之邦,瑰丽精细的苏绣,为我国四大名绣之一;玉雕有“鬼斧神工”之誉;桃花坞木刻年画是南北三大民间木刻年画流派之一;还有他处无及的苏裱、富于变化的苏州折扇、活泼生动的虎丘泥人、高雅绝俗的苏式家具、玲珑剔透的红木小件以及缂丝、剧装戏具、民族乐器等。苏州还是园林之城,据统计明代园林多达270余处,清代园林有130多所,有“城里半园亭”之说。苏州又是状元之乡,清代出状元26名,占全国总数的22.8%。苏州更是诗、文、书、画文坛的重镇,明代有号称“吴中四杰”的高启、杨基、张羽、徐贲,“吴中四才子”的文徵明、唐寅、祝允明、徐祯卿,通俗文学家冯梦龙、文学批评家金圣叹、戏剧作家李玉等。尤其是明代中后期的吴门书画,名家辈出,流绪不绝,其中有号称“吴门四家”的沈周、文徵明、唐寅、仇英以及由沈、文创立的“吴派”诸家如文嘉、文伯仁、陆治、钱谷、周天球、陆师道等画家;……
