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城市出租车驾驶员违章行为研究

2017-03-29姚佼刘善勇姜璐璐王飞徐辉赵靖

物流科技 2017年3期

姚佼 刘善勇 姜璐璐 王飞 徐辉 赵靖

摘 要:在歸纳总结出租车驾驶员无视交通标志标线、近距离跟驰、超速行驶和违规变道超车四类常见违章行为的基础上,编制了出租车驾驶员违章行为的四维量表,运用社会统计学的方法对量表进行了项目分析、探索性因子分析和相关的信度效度分析;最后运用此量表对驾驶员的违章行为进行了相关的调查分析和研究,结果显示大城市出租车驾驶员违章行为中超速行驶行为比较严重,尤其是“夜间驾驶速度快”和“黄灯期间加速通过交叉口”经常出现的概率分别高达60.4%和56.0%。在城市的出租车运营管理中,对驾驶员的这些违章行为应重点关注。

关键词:出租车驾驶员;违章行为;四维量表;信度分析;效度分析

中图分类号:F570 文献标识码:A

Abstract: Based on summarization of four types of common violations of taxi drivers, ignoring traffic signs and markings, car-following too closely, over-speeding, and illegal lane change and overtaking, its four dimensional table was complied. Furthermore, item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and reliability & validity analysis of the table were finished with social statistical method. Finally, relative survey of illegal behavior of taxi drivers in metropolis were carried out with the table above, and from the analysis we can conclude that situation of over-speeding of taxi drivers is very serious, in which phenomena of“driving over-speeding at mid-night”and“accelerating to across the intersection during the yellow signal”are more frequent, the probabilities approach 60.4% and 56.0% respectively. So the operation management of taxi in metropolis should mainly focus on these illegal behaviors of taxi drivers.

Key words: taxi driver; illegal behavior; four dimensional table; reliability analysis; validity analysis

0 引 言

相关研究表明,出租车驾驶员日均工作时间超过15个小时,长时间、高负荷工作极易造成身体和心理疲劳[1];网络约租车的出现,更加剧了出租车驾驶员的工作压力[2]。此外,出租车驾驶员对其驾驶技术自信、开车时需留意潜在客源、满足乘客随意上下车需求等特质,也更易诱发违章驾驶行为。这对城市道路交通流组织,以及城市交通安全造成了极大的负面影响。

出租车驾驶员由于其营运属性,驾驶目的有别于其他驾驶员,因此其行为表现也不同于一般驾驶员。Hua Cai等基于

11 800辆出租车车辆行驶轨迹的数据分析,给出了北京市出租车驾驶员行为的宏观特点和分布[3],张梅玲等人通过编制量表对西宁市出租车驾驶员交通安全知识、态度、行为进行了分析[4]。……

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