类乌齐牦牛产肉性能及肉品质分析
2017-03-21信金伟张成福姬秋梅李超胡永锋王
信金伟 张成福 姬秋梅 李超 胡永锋 王金辉
摘要:为了解类乌齐牦牛的产肉性能及其肉品质性状,对10头(公母各5头)成年健康类乌齐牦牛进行了屠宰试验及其肉品质分析研究。结果表明,类乌齐牦牛(♂)屠宰率为51.67%、净肉率为42.54%,胴体产肉率为82.33%,骨肉比1∶4.67,眼肌面积(63.40±9.79) cm2;类乌齐牦牛(♀)屠宰率为48.53%、净肉率为42.73%,胴体产肉率为88.04%,骨肉比1∶7.36,眼肌面积(43.40±7.13) cm2。类乌齐牦牛肉脂肪含量高,肉品风味好,蛋白质含量高,属优质高蛋白性食物。
关键词:牦牛;产肉性能;肉品质
中图分类号:S823.8+5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2017)03-0501-05
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.03.027
Study on Meat Production and Quality Properties of Leiwuqi Yak
XIN Jin-wei1,2,ZHANG Cheng-fu1,2,JI Qiu-mei1,2,LI Chao1,2,HU Yong-feng3,WANG Jin-hui3
(1.Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850009, China;2.State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa 850000, China; 3.Changdu Animal Husbandry Service, Changdu 854000, Lhasa, China)
Abstract: In order to study the meat production and quality properties of Leiwuqi yaks,ten healthy yaks(five male ones and five female ones respectively) were used to measure some items, such as slaughter and carcass traits,physical and chemical traits of muscle and histological properties muscle fiber. The results were as follows:the dressing percentage,net meat percentage and the meat percentage of carcass were respectively 51.67%(♂) and 48.53%(♀),42.54%(♂) and 42.73%(♀),82.33%(♂) and 88.04%(♀). And the meat-bone ratio and rib eye area were respectively about 1∶4.67(♂) and 1∶7.36(♀), (63.40±9.79) cm2(♂) and (43.40±7.13) cm2(♀). In all, The Leiwuqi yak meat tastes good due to the high in fat and in addition, the protein is significantly higher than that in the yak meat produced mostly anywhere else in Tibet.
Key words: yak; meat production; quality property
牦牛素有“高原之舟”之稱,是青藏高原特有的畜种和景观物种[1,2],为当地牧民提供奶、肉、毛、役力、燃料等生产生活必需品,在高寒牧区具有不可替代的生态、社会、经济地位,又被称之为“全能”家畜[3]。西藏牦牛数量占全国牦牛总头数的22.76%,牦牛产业是西藏畜牧业的主导产业,可以说没有牦牛就没有西藏特色畜牧业[4]。而西藏东部的牦牛遗传多样性较为丰富,尤其是类乌齐牦牛类群表现最为突出,在遗传上是一个极为宝贵的基因库。开展类乌齐牦牛产肉性能及其品质分析研究,将为类乌齐牦牛选育和推进类乌齐牦牛肉品质资源的开发利用提供科学依据和参数,对提高其产肉性能、探讨类乌齐牦牛的适宜屠宰期及加速牛群周转具有重要的经济意义和现实意义。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验动物
随机选择自然放牧的成年类乌齐牦牛10头,公母各5头,其中公牦牛平均体重343.90 kg、母牦牛平均体重197.40 kg。
1.2 样品采集与制备……p>
