高志丹+罗章英+郭慧玲

[摘要]目的 探讨护理干预对老年支气管哮喘患者肺功能和治疗依从性的影响。方法 选取本院2014年2月～2015年11月收治的老年支气管哮喘患者60例进行研究，随机分为对照组和治疗组，各30例，对照组给予常规护理，治疗组给予护理干预。比较两组肺功能、治疗依从性、1年生存率、护理满意度。结果 治疗组治疗后氧分压、FEV1、FEV1/FVC均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。治疗组总依从率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组1年生存率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。治疗组护理满意率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 护理干预改善老年支气管哮喘患者肺功能、提高治疗依从性、提高护理满意度。

[关键词]护理干预；老年；支气管哮喘；肺功能；依从性

[中图分类号] R562.2+5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）01（c）-0173-03

[Abstract]Objective To investigate the effect of nursing intervention on pulmonary function and treatment compliance for elderly patients with bronchial asthma.Methods 60 cases of elderly patients with bronchial asthma who were treated in our hospital from February 2014 to November 2015 were randomly divided into control group and treatment group，30 cases in each group.The control group was given with routine care，while，the treatment group was given with nursing intervention.The differences of lung functions，treatment compliance，1-year survival rate and nursing satisfaction degree between the two groups were compared.Results The post-treatment oxygen partial pressure，FEV1，FEV1/FVC in treatment group were higher than those of control group，with differences were significant（P<0.01）.The total compliance rate of treatment group was higher than that of control group，with difference was significant （P<0.05）.No significant difference was found between the 1-year survival rate of control group and treatment group（P>0.05）.The satisfaction rate of treatment group was higher than that of control group，with difference was significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion Nursing intervention can improve lung functions，treatment compliance and the nursing satisfaction degree for elderly patients with bronchial asthma.

[Key words]Nursing intervention；Elderly patients；Bronchial asthma；Pulmonary functions；Compliance

支氣管哮喘是我国最常见的呼吸道慢性病之一，对患者及其家庭和社会都有明显影响，其反复发作严重威胁患者的身心健康及生存质量[1-2]。近年来，随着环境恶化和人们接触变应原种类增加，支气管哮喘发病率逐年升高。目前支气管哮喘尚不能根治，但避免接触过敏原及其他哮喘触发因素、规范化的药物治疗、特异性免疫治疗及患者教育可以控制支气管哮喘的临床症状、改善生活质量[3]。老年支气管哮喘患者是一类特殊人群，基础肺功能、治疗依从性低，对如何改善肺功能、提高治疗依从性等方面提出更高的要求。本研究通过比较肺功能、治疗依从性、1年生存率、护理满意度的差异，探讨护理干预对老年支气管哮喘患者肺功能和治疗依从性的影响，为将护理干预应用于老年支气管哮喘的临床护理实践、规范护理干预流程提供依据。……