栗娜

[摘要] 本文通过对1例口服头孢呋辛酯片后饮酒所致双硫仑样反应的临床表现、治疗过程和救护措施进行回顾性分析，提示临床在执行药物治疗时，除询问患者过敏史外，还应特别询问患者的饮酒史。本例患者治疗及时，护理得当，恢复良好，1h后不适症状缓解。所以在使用头孢呋辛酯等抗生素时应禁止饮酒，规范安全用药行为，加强健康教育，避免发生双硫仑样反应，保证患者的用药安全，对于出现双硫仑样反应后需尽早的明确诊断，采取积极救治措施，改善患者预后。

[关键词] 头孢呋辛酯；双硫仑样反应；临床救治

[中图分类号] R595.3 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616（2016）20-227-02

Cases of alcohol-induced disulfiram-like reaction after taking oral cefuroxime axetil tablets

LI Na1，2

1.Basic Medical College，Wuhan University，Wuhan 430070，China；2.Department of Emergency，The People's Liberation Army 255 Hospital，Tangshan 063000，China

[Abstract] The clinical manifestations，treatment and rescue measures of one case of alcohol-induced disulfiram-like reaction after taking oral cefuroxime axetil tablets were retrospectively analyzed，which suggested that the history of alcohol use of patients should also specifically asked in the implementation of clinical drug treatment in addition to asking patients with a history of allergies.The patient was treated timely under the appropriate nursing care and the patients recovered completely，the symptom of panting was eased after 1 hour.Thusalcohol should be prohibited when using antibiotics cefuroxime axetil.To avoid disulfiram-like reaction and ensure drug safety of patients by regulating the medication safety and strengthening the health education.The emergence of disulfiram-like reaction required to be diagnosed as soon as possible，and medical workers should take treatment measures activity for those patients in order to improve prognosis of the patients.

[Key words] Cefuroxime axetil；Disulfiram-like reaction；Clinical treatment

頭孢呋辛酯片是广谱的口服第二代头孢菌素，头孢呋辛酯为头孢呋辛的酯化衍生物，口服后经胃肠道吸收后在酯酶作用下，迅速水解为有活性的头孢呋辛而起抗菌作用。其对于病原菌具有较广的抗菌活性，对革兰阳性球菌的活性与第一代相似，但对葡萄球菌和革兰阴性杆菌产生的β-内酰胺酶稳定，尤其是对肠杆菌科中常见的质粒介导酶稳定。头孢呋辛酯片对流感嗜血杆菌、大肠埃希菌、奇异变形杆菌等均敏感，临床上广泛用于该致病菌引起的上呼吸道、下呼吸道、泌尿道、皮肤和软组织感染和其他疾病[1]。近年，随着头孢菌素在临床上的广泛应用，患者饮酒前后使用头孢菌素出现双硫仑样反应的报道逐渐增多。近日，我院急诊接诊1例口服头孢呋辛酯片3天，少量饮酒后出现双硫仑样反应的患者，现报道如下。……