农产品质量安全保障的微分博弈分析
2017-03-15张卫国
张卫国
摘要: 我国是农业大国,农产品的质量安全是关系国计民生的问题。在农业产业化进程中, “龙头企业+农民专业合作社”供应链的模式可以有效地保证农产品质量安全。文章运用微分博弈方法,研究双方在协同合作和龙头企业主导的Stackelberg模式下的最优决策。结果表明,在协同合作决策模式下,双方的最优行为和总利润优于龙头企业主导的Stackelberg决策模式,当利润分配系数处于特定区间时,总利润的分配方案能同时满足双方利润的Pareto最优。
Abstract: China is a large agricultural country, and the quality safety of agricultural products is related to the national economy and the people's livelihood. In the process of agricultural industrialization, the supply chain model of "leading enterprises+farmers' professional cooperatives" can effectively ensure the quality safety of agricultural products. By using the method of differential game, study the optimal decision of both sides under the mode of the cooperation and Stackelberg model leading enterprises leading. The results show that under the cooperative decision mode, the optimal decision and the total profit of both sides are better than that of Stackelberg model leading enterprises leading; when the profit distribution coefficient is in a certain range, the total profit allocation scheme can satisfy the optimal Pareto of both profits.
关键词: 农产品质量安全;“龙头企业+农民专业合作社”模式;微分博弈;最优决策
Key words: quality safety of agricultural products;"leading enterprises+farmers' professional cooperatives" model;differential game;optimal decision
中图分类号:F762 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-4311(2017)06-0258-02
0 引言
农产品的质量安全与人们的身体健康和生命安全息息相关,是推进我国农业产业化和农业现代化发展的重要组成部分。我国农业小规模分散经营的特点增加了对农产品质量管理的难度,而农产品质量安全信息的不对称性和农产品的信任品特性使得消费者很难准确地判断出农产品质量的好坏,分散的农户在利益驱动下容易产生机会主义行为,导致农产品质量安全问题。本文拟在农产品质量安全影响市场需求的情况下,考虑龙头企业与合作社质量行为,基于微分博弈模型,分析比较龙头企业与合作社在协同合作决策模式和龙头企业主导的Stackelberg决策模式中的最优决策和利润,并给出双方质量行为协调中供应链总利润分配系数的取值范围,以实现龙头企业、合作社与消费者的多赢目标,有效地保障农产品的质量安全。……
