付忠霞

[摘要] 目的 探讨护理干预对胃癌患者18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖（18F-FDG）PET/CT显像图像质量和心理状态的影响。 方法 选择2013年1月～2015年1月来抚顺市中心医院进行18F-FDG PET/CT显像的184例胃癌患者，按照随机数字表将其分为观察组和对照组。对照组患者仅接受普通护理，观察组患者接受检查前护理、检查中护理和检查后护理干预。分析患者18F-FDG PET/CT检查显像情况，统计患者对护理的满意度，评价检查后患者心理状态。 结果 观察组患者检查图像的一次符合率和护理满意度均显著高于对照组（P < 0.05）；护理前两组患者症状自评量表（SCL-90）各项评分比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05），但护理后，观察组患者焦虑、敌对性和恐怖得分显著低于对照组（P < 0.05）。 结论 合理的护理干预对18F-FDG PET/CT显像的图像质量提高起到重要作用，同时能避免检查后负面情绪的出现。

[关键词] 护理干预；胃癌；18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖；PET/CT

[中图分类号] R735.7 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2016）10（b）-0161-04

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of nursing intervention on the quality of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose （18F-FDG） PET/CT imaging and mental state of patients with gastric cancer. Methods One hundred and eighty-four patients with gastric cancer taken 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in Fushun Central Hospital from January 2013 to January 2015 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group by random number table. The patients in control group received conventional nursing， while the patients in observation group accepted nursing before， during and after the examination. Qualities of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in 184 patients were analyzed， the satisfaction rates of patients for the nursing were recorded and the psychological status of patients after examination was evaluated. Results One-time pass rate of the image and the satisfaction degree of nursing of patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. There were no significant differences of each item score of symptom check-list 90 （SCL-90） between the two groups before nursing （P > 0.05）. However， after nursing， the scores of anxiety， hostility and terror in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Reasonable nursing intervention plays an important role in improving the image quality of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging and at the same time it can avoid the appearance of negative emotions after examination.

[Key words] Nursing intervention； Gastric cancer； 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose； PET/CT

胃癌发病率在我国各种恶性肿瘤中高居首位，好发于50岁以上中老年人群，男性发病率又显著高于女性[1]。随着现代社会生活节奏的加快、工作压力的不断加大，人们饮食结构愈发杂乱，胃癌的发病率有逐年上升的趋势。葡萄糖是机体能源物质，将正电子核素18F标记在葡萄糖上，形成18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖（18F-FDG），使得其可以被PET探测并成像[2]。18F-FDG是目前PET/CT显像的主要显像剂。应用18F-FDG PET/CT显像可发现全身肿瘤原发及转移病灶，准确判断其良、恶性，从而正确指导临床治疗[3]。恶性肿瘤细胞由于代谢旺盛，导致对葡萄糖的需求增加，因此会表现为对18F-FDG的高摄取，然而属于消化系统的胃肠道由于存在对18F-FDG的生理性吸收和聚集，可能对18F-FDG PET/CT显像产生影响[4-5]。因此，通过合理的护理干预以达到降低生理干扰提高18F-FDG PET/CT显像质量是十分必要的。……