ICA在甘肃黄草滩地区铁染蚀变信息提取中的应用研究
2016-12-01付垒赵鹏彬于占超
付垒 赵鹏彬 于占超



摘要:本文以ICA(独立成分分析)作为遥感蚀变信息提取的主要方法,结合传统PCA(主成分分析)在光谱去相关性操作中的基本特性,通过互补式的ICA方法进行遥感蚀变信息的综合提取。以甘肃黄草滩矽卡岩型磁铁矿为研究区,使用ICA和PCA方法进行ETM+影像铁染蚀变信息提取,通过对提取结果进行比较分析,结合野外实地查证,评估了两种方法在特定地质背景下遥感蚀变信息提取的适应性和局限性,最后对遥感蚀变信息提取结果进行了归纳总结,结果表明:互补式的ICA能很好地反映研究区的蚀变异常分布状况,可以将该方法应用到此类地区的地质找矿中,同时为进一步分析研究区成矿模式提供科学依据。
关键字:独立成分分析;蚀变信息;矽卡岩型;地质找矿
Abstract: This paper using independent component analysis (ICA) as main method for extraction of alteration information from remote sensing data,combined the basic characteristics of traditional PCA (principal component analysis) in removing spectrum correlation,comprehensive extraction of alteration information from remote sensing data by complementary type ICA. Taking skarn magnetite in Huangcaotan of Gansu province as an example,using ICA and PCA method of ETM+ image for extraction of alteration information,through the results of a comparative analysis of the extraction,combined with field verification and evaluation of the two methods under the specific geological background in remote sensing alteration information from the adaptability and limitations. Finally,the remote sensing alteration information extraction results are summarized in the paper. The results showed that the complementary type of ICA can reflect the distribution of alteration anomaly primely,the method can be applied to such areas of geological prospecting,and provide a scientific basis for further analyzing and studying metallogenic model.
Key words:Independent Component Analysis;Alteration information extraction;Skarn;Geological prospecting
1. 引言
由于不同矿物的晶体结构各不相同,晶格振动所产生的光谱特征与其特有的晶体结构有关,因此不同的岩石具有不同的光谱特征。遥感技术可以识别这些光谱特征,从而判别出地物的矿物组成和岩性,这就为通过遥感技术识别蚀变矿物分布范围提供了物理基础[1]。目前遥感蚀变异常信息提取的方法有多种,较常用的有比值法、主成分分析法、光谱角法、归一化植被指数法、混合像元分解法以及它们的混合法。每种方法都有其针对性和适用的范围。其中主成分分析法提取蚀变信息是相对最为广泛的。主成分分析(PCA:Principal Component Analysis)是基于信号二阶统计特性的分析方法,由于所获各主成分之间不相关,主成分之间信息没有重复或冗余。……
