赣北彭泽县配方施肥在棉花上应用效果
2016-11-15宋涛陈洪刘宏王德胜张根培
宋涛 陈洪 刘宏 王德胜 张根培


摘要:在棉花需肥规律和彭泽县棉区耕作土壤供肥能力条件下,研究配方施肥与常规施肥、不施肥对棉花的增产增效作用。结果表明:与常规施肥和不施肥比,配方施肥有增加植株高度,减少蕾铃脱落,增多果枝层数的作用;产量结果显示,配方施肥较常规施肥增产率达6.9%,在当前肥料成本和棉花市场销售价格的条件下,配方施肥较常规施肥增效1442.4元/hm2,节本343.5元/hm2。
关键词:彭泽;棉花;配方施肥;节本增效
中图分类号: S562.062 文献标识码: A 文章编号:2095-3143(2016)05-0025-27
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3143.2016.05.005
Abstract: Under the situation of the cotton fertilizer-required rhythm and the fertilizer supply ability of cultivated soil in Pengze Cotunty Cotton Area, it studied the effect of increasing yield and efficiency of formula fertilization compared with conventional fertilization and no fertilization on cotton. The results indicated that compared with conventional fertilization and no fertilization, the formulafertilization could increase plant height, reduce boll shedding and increase the effect of fruit branch number; the yield results showed the yield increasing rate of formula fertilization than the conventional fertilization reached 6.9%, improving efficiency 1442.4 yuan/hm2, saving cost 343.5 yuan/hm2.
Key words: Pengze; Cotton; Formula fertilization; Saving cost and improving efficiency
0 引言
棉花是彭泽县的传统作物,常年种植面积稳定在1.33万公顷,但近年来受棉花种植效益的影响,彭泽县的棉花种植面积在不断萎缩[1-3]。为了稳定彭泽县棉花生产和科学施肥,达到节本增效的目的,作者在彭泽县马当镇跃进村棉田进行配方施肥应用效果试验,综合比较肥料投入、棉花产量、经济效益等指标,从而完善测土配方施肥指标体系,建立测土配方数据库,为科学填发施肥卡,进一步优化棉花用肥配方提供理论依据[4]。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验地概况
试验于2015年4~11月在彭泽县马当镇跃进村七组姚沅农户承包的棉田内进行,该田土壤属典型的冲积土,质地沙壤,肥力中等偏上,地势平坦,排灌方便,为多年油、棉两熟老棉地,地理座标为东径116.59140°,北纬30.01695°,海拔高度17 m,初始肥力为有机质17.0 g/kg,速效氮129.5 mg/kg,速效磷37.3 mg/kg,速效钾135.5 mg/kg,pH值为5.81。
1.2 试验设计
试验设3个处理,不设重复,分别为配方施肥(处理1)、常规施肥(处理2)、不施肥(处理3,空白对照)。……
