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番木瓜片真空冷冻干燥工艺研究

2016-11-15于启洋

农产品加工 2016年17期

易 丽,杨 薇,王 晨,于启洋

(昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院,云南昆明 650500)

番木瓜片真空冷冻干燥工艺研究

易 丽,*杨 薇,王 晨,于启洋

(昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院,云南昆明 650500)

为了确定番木瓜片真空冷冻干燥的工艺参数,对番木瓜片真空冷冻干燥加工工艺进行试验研究。通过正交试验,研究了物料厚度、升华温度及预冻温度对冻干品复水比、色泽的影响;并采用多指标综合加权评分法对复水比、色泽进行综合评定,以优化其工艺参数。结果表明,升华温度对干燥综合效果有显著影响,物料厚度及预冻温度对干燥综合效果影响不显著;影响的主次顺序为升华温度>预冻温度>物料厚度;最佳工艺参数为物料厚度3 mm,升华温度35℃,预冻温度-40℃时,复水比为5.36,总色差值为9.03。该研究结果可为番木瓜片的实际生产提供一定的参考。

番木瓜片;真空冷冻干燥;工艺参数;正交试验;综合加权评分法

In order to confirm the optimum technological parameter in vacuum-freeze-drying of papaya slices,the orthogonal test is carried out to study the effects of material thickness,sublimation temperature and pre freezing temperature on rehydration ratio and color.Multi index synthetic weighted mark method is used to calculate the comprehensive score of test indexes.The results showe that the sublimation temperature has a significant effect on the drying effect,and the effect of material thickness and pre freezing temperature on the drying effect is not significant.The primary and secondary order of influence is sublimation temperature,pre freezing temperature,material thickness.When the material thickness is 3 mm,the sublimation temperature is 35℃,the pre freezing temperature is-40℃,the complex water ratio is 5.36,the color difference value is 9.03.The results can be used for the actual production of papaya slices.

papaya slices;vacuum-freeze-drying;technical parameters;orthogonal experiment;weighted grading method

番木瓜(Carica papaya Linn)俗称木瓜、万寿果等。为多年生常绿草本植物,属于番木瓜科番木瓜属,是典型的热带水果,原产于中美洲地区和墨西哥南部,在我国已有300多年的种植历史,云南、广东、海南等省均有栽培,富含VC、木瓜蛋白酶等多种成分,具有抗癌、抗肿瘤、免疫调节、美容等功效,享有百益果王、岭南佳果等美誉[1-3]。番木瓜的水分含量较高,采收后,鲜果的生命活动仍很旺盛,呼吸强度大、极易腐烂变质、难以贮藏保鲜,而将番木瓜进行干燥,既可提高其货架寿命、减少损失,又可提高产品附加值[4-5]。……

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