内容摘要：敦煌文书P.3723中的鲁地礼物清单与唐代山东贡品清单互为补苴，较全面地展示了唐代山东特色物产，可复原出唐代山东地域18类社会生产的基本脉络。这表明唐代山东农家的农副手工产品大多投向了市场，品种繁多，所以郁知言可以很方便地为王监军挑选所需要的特色礼物，反映出山东地域农商依存关系极为密切。史籍所缺载的山东农家生产文化、自然背景、农副结合的生活情形，藉由敦煌材料得到了具体而清晰的阐释，弥补了历史的缺隙。

关键词：P.3723；礼物单；山东；社会生产

中图分类号：G256.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-4106（2016）04-0101-10

Abstract： The list of gifts from the state of Lu（located in todays Shandong province）in Dunhuang document P. 3723， together with the tribute list from Shandong comprehensively demonstrate the special features of items from Shandong in the Tang dynasty， and help outline the basic conditions that created the eighteen products listed therein. The nature of these products suggests that most agricultural and secondary products and handcrafts were various and widely available throughout the region， which made it easy to choose and purchase gifts. These observations in turn illustrate the close relationship between the farmers and merchants of Shandong. These and other Dunhuang documents specifically and clearly provide evidence regarding farming culture， natural backgrounds， and the combination of agricultural and secondary products not recorded in other historical materials， thus filling the gaps in history.

Key words： P.3723； gift list； Shandong； social production

敦煌写卷P.3723《记室备要》上、中、下三卷，是泰宁节度监军使记室郁知言为其上司护军常侍太原王公预先撰写的各种书信格式。“这本小书的发现，对于唐代宦官的官制研究，颇有帮助。”[1]目前对《记室备要》的研究，的确是利用上、中卷进行宦官官制研究。下卷送物书状所列举的76种鲁地送礼物品，学界迄今未加利用。赵和平先生在录校该文书时，仅是顺带提及这些物品“有助于对晚唐时上层社会的交往加深认识”[2]，未展开进一步的探讨。而这76种物品，固有助于认识上层社会的人情往来，却更有助于认识唐代山东地域下层百姓的社会生产。故不揣谫陋，撰此小文，以求正于方家。又，本文所涉的山东，非是广义的太行山以东的山东，而是狭义的专指齐鲁之地的山东。

一 唐代作为礼物的鲁地产品

《记室备要》下卷所列送礼物品清单……