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血清抗体检测在炎症性肠病中的临床应用研究

2016-11-07张玲玲许钟黄国美白班俊梁丽李宇

中国实用医药 2016年26期

张玲玲 许钟 黄国美 白班俊 梁丽 李宇

【摘要】 目的 研究抗胰腺外分泌腺抗体(PAB)、抗酿酒酵母抗体(ASCA)、抗杯状细胞抗体(GAB)及抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(pANCA)在炎症性肠病(IBD)诊断与鉴别诊断中的意义。方法 间接免疫荧光生物薄片法测定UC组[30例溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者]、CD组[22例克罗恩病(CD)患者]及正常对照组(20例健康体检者)血清中四种血清学抗体的表达。结果 pANCA在UC组阳性率(56.7%)高于CD组(9.1%)和正常对照组(5.0%)(P<0.05);GAB在正常对照组及IBD患者中均未见表达;PAB在CD组阳性率(27.3%)高于UC组(0)和正常对照组(0)(P<0.05);ASCA在CD组阳性率(45.5%)高于UC组(3.3%)和正常对照组(0)(P<0.05)。pANCA检测诊断IBD敏感性为36.5%, 特异性为95.0%;GAB、PAB及ASCA单项检测诊断IBD敏感性较低, 分别为0、11.5%、21.2%, 但其诊断IBD特异性较高为100.0%。结论 pANCA、GAB、PAB及ASCA在IBD诊断中敏感性低, 特异性高。

【关键词】 炎症性肠病;克罗恩病;溃疡性结肠炎;抗体

DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2016.26.001

【Abstract】 Objective To research significance by anti-pancreatic antibody (PAB), anti-sacchromyces cerevisia antibody (ASCA), anti-goblet cell antibody (GAB) and perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (pANCA) in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods Indirect immunofluorescent biological chip test was applied to detect expression of four serum antibodies in UC group [30 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC)], CD group [22 patients with Crohn's disease (CD)] and normal control group (20 healthy people). Results Positive rate of pANCA was higher in UC group (56.7%) than CD group (9.1%) and normal control group (5.0%) (P<0.05). GAB was not shown in normal control group and IBD patients. PAB had higher positive rate in CD group (27.3%) than UC group (0) and normal control group (0) (P<0.05). Positive rate of ASCA was higher in CD group (45.5%) than UC group (3.3%) and normal control group (0) (P<0.05). Detection of pANCA showed sensibility as 36.5% and specificity as 95.0% in diagnosis of IBD. Single detection of GAB, PAB and ASCA showed low sensibility in diagnosing IBD as 0, 11.5% and 21.2%. Specificity by detection of the four antibodies was high as 100.0% in diagnosing IBD. Conclusion In diagnosis of IBD, pANCA, GAB, PAB and ASCA contain low sensibility but high specificity.

【Key words】 Inflammatory bowel disease; Crohn's disease; Ulcerative colitis; Antibody

IBD是胃肠道非特异性炎症性疾病, 包括UC及CD。以往认为该病于西方国家多见, 而我国IBD极为少见[1]。但近20年来, 我国IBD发病率逐年上升[2-4]。IBD临床表现缺乏特异性, 诊断缺乏金标准。IBD的发病机制尚不清楚, 多数认为是环境因素与遗传因素相互作用引起的自身免疫性疾病。因此, 自身抗体的检测有可能成为IBD诊断的血清学指标之一。研究显示部分血清学标记物对鉴别CD和UC具有较高的特异性[5]。PAB、ASCA、GAB及pANCA都是与IBD相关的特异性抗体, 因此本研究对贵州地区的IBD患者血清中上述4种抗体进行测定, 报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1. 1 一般资料 选取52例均为2012~2015年贵州地区的IBD患者, 均接受结肠镜及病理组织学检查, CD患者均接受小肠钡剂X线照影或小肠对比CT造影检查, 部分接受胃镜检查, 随访>6个月。采用“2012年IBD诊断与治疗的共识意见”拟定的诊断标准。其中UC组30例, 男16例, 女14例, 平均年龄(36.5±8.3)岁;CD组22例, 男14例, 女8例, 平均年龄(26.0±6.2)岁。同期体检中心体检的健康体检者20例作为正常对照组, 其中男10例, 女10例, 年龄25~75岁, 平均年龄(43.0±10.0)岁。……

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